A perturbation method for dynamic analyses using under-integrated shell elements (Q1174594)

A perturbation method is presented for dynamic analysis making use of under-integrated shell elements. The method achieves a complete filtering of all spurious modes from the eigenspectrum. This approach is based on a careful examination of the 9-node shell element in various geometrical shapes. A highly efficient perturbation method for the stiffness matrix and projection method for the mass matrix are proposed with both methods performed directly in the global coordinate system. From all the numerical examples given in this paper it can be seen that the perturbation method offers a reliable, effective and accurate method for dynamic analysis of various shell structures using under-integrated elements.