An example of universal orthogonal series (Q5959515)

An orthogonal series \(\sum^\infty_{k=1} a_k\varphi_k(x)\) is constructed which is (i) universal with respect to rearrangements as well as to subseries both for each space \(L^p(0,1)\) with \(1\leq p<2\) and for \(\bigcap_{1\leq p< 2} L^p(0,1)\); (ii) universal with respect to rearrangements as well as to subseries for the class of all measurable functions in the sense of almost everywhere convergence on \((0,1)\); (iii) for any \(0<\varepsilon< 1\) there exists a measurable set \(E\subset (0,1)\) with Lebesgue measure \(|E|> 1-\varepsilon\) such that the series \(\sum a_k\varphi_k(x)\) is universal with respect to rearrangements as well as to subseries both for each space \(L^p(E)\) with \(p\geq 2\) in the sense of convergence in \(L^p(E)\)-norm, and for the space of all continuous functions on \(E\) in the sense of uniform convergence on \(E\). A double universal orthogonal series of the form \(\sum^\infty_{k=1} \sum^\infty_{n=1} c_{k,n} \omega_k(x) \omega_n(y)\) is also constructed, where \(\{\omega_k(x)\}\) is an orthonormal system on \((0,1)\).