Distributive equations of implications based on nilpotent triangular norms (Q622261)

The paper deals with functional equations involving nilpotent triangular norms and fuzzy implications. Recall that a triangular norm \(* : [0,1]^2 \to [0,1]\) is nilpotent if it is continuous and such that for each \(x \in (0,1)\) there is a natural \(n\) such that the \(n\)-fold \(*\)-conjunction of \(x\) with itself is \(0\), that is: \(x * x * \cdots * x = 0\), where in the former expression \(x\) occurs exactly \(n\) times. By a fuzzy implication the authors mean a function \(\to : [0,1]^2 \to [0,1]\) that is non-increasing in the first and non-decreasing in the second variable and that behaves as classical implication on the classical truth-values \(0\) and \(1\). In particular, following Turksen's research, the authors study conditions on the solvability of the functional equation (1) \(x \to (y*z) = (x\to y)*(x \to z)\), by itself, or in conjunction with other functional equations, where \(*\) is a nilpotent triangular norm and \(\to\) is a fuzzy implication. The authors prove that there are actually no continuous implications satisfying (1). Further, under the assumption that the solution must be continuous except for the arguments \(\{(0,y) \mid y \in [0,1)\}\), they give a necessary and sufficient condition on the existence of solutions to (1). The authors then prove that the system of (1) and \(x \to (y \to z) = (x * y) \to z\) has no solutions for \(*\) a nilpotent triangular norm and \(\to\) a fuzzy implication which is continuous except for arguments in \(\{(0,y) \mid y \in [0,1)\}\). A strong negation is a function \(\neg : [0,1] \to [0,1]\) such that there is an order automorphism \(\psi\) of \([0,1]\) such that \(\neg x = \psi^{-1}(1-\psi(x))\) for all \(x \in [0,1]\). The authors give a necessary and sufficient condition on the existence of solutions to the system of (1) and \(x \to y = \neg y \to \neg x\), under the assumptions that \(*\) is a nilpotent triangular norm, \(\to\) is a fuzzy implication which is continuous except for arguments in \(\{(0,y) \mid y \in [0,1)\} \cup \{(1,1)\}\), and \(\neg : [0,1] \to [0,1]\) is a strong negation.