Singular modular forms and theta relations (Q1189378)

In this book the author considers in the highest generality the relation between singular modular forms and theta series. More precisely the author considers congruence subgroups of the type \(\Gamma_ g(q,2q)\) and vector valued singular modular forms of half integral weight. He proves a representation theorem for singular modular forms which gives a finite system of generators and a description of all linear relations between them. We have to mention that a similar result can be obtained as consequence of \textit{R. Howe's} results [Lect. Notes Math. 880, 211-248 (1981; Zbl 0463.10015)]. But Howe considered theta series with arbitrary rational characteristics that generate an infinite dimensional vector space. The author's result is complete only in the case \(g\geq 2r\) instead of \(g>r\). The method is elementary and ingenious and depends on the Fourier- Jacobi expansion of a modular form. More precisely, let \(\Gamma\) be a congruence subgroup, \(\rho\) a rational representation of \(GL(g,\mathbb{C})\) in \(GL(\mathbb{Z})\), and \(v\) a multiplier system, then a holomorphic function \(f:\mathbb{H}_ g\to\mathbb{C}\) is called a modular form relative to \(\Gamma\), \(\rho\), \(v\) if the transformation formula \(f(M\cdot Z) =v(M)\rho(CZ+D)f(Z)\) is satisfied for every \(Z\in \mathbb{H}_ g\) and \(M=\begin{pmatrix} A &B\\ C &D \end{pmatrix}\) in \(\Gamma\). We have to add a condition at the cusps if \(g=1\). The above described space is denoted by \([\Gamma,\rho,v]\). The weight of the space is half of the weight of \(\rho\). Let us consider the Fourier expansion \(f(Z)=\sum_ T a(T) \exp(\pi i \sigma(TZ))\), where \(T\) runs through a lattice of rational symmetric matrices, then \(f\) is singular if \(a(T)\neq 0\) implies \(\hbox{det}(T)=0\). Let \(H(\rho_ 0)\) and \(A(S)\) be the space of all harmonic forms and functions with respect to \(S\), respectively, then we put \(\Theta(S,q)=\{\theta_{P,\varphi}(S,Z),\;\varphi\in A(S),\;P\in H(\rho_ 0)\}\). The author proves the following representation theorem: Assume \(g\geq r+2\), let \(S\) run through a set of representatives of unimodular classes of all positive integral matrices \(S\) such that \(q^ 2 S^{-1}\) is integral. Assume that one of the following 3 conditions holds: 1) \(r=1\), 2) \(r=2\) and \(q\) square free, 3) \(n\geq 2r\), then \[ [\Gamma_ g(q,2q),\rho,v]=\sum_{v=v_ S}\Theta(S,q). \] Moreover there are defined subspaces \(\tilde\Theta(S,q)\) of \(\Theta(S,q)\) such that the above sum becomes direct. In detail, we have the following contents in the book. The first chapter contains an introduction to the theory of Siegel modular forms. Chapter II is devoted to the proof of the theta transformation formalism using Eichler's imbedding trick. The topic of chapter III is the proof that a modular form is singular if and only if \(r<g\). Chapter IV is devoted to the description of a certain space \({\mathcal M}\) which contains the space of modular forms of a certain level \(q\). In \({\mathcal M}\) the representation theorem is reduced to an elementary statement that seems hard to prove. This proof is given in chapter V. In the last chapter the author formulates the results and points out the connection with classical relations.