A trace formula for dual pairs (Q1359252)

Let \(F\) be a number field and let \(A\) be its adele ring. Let \(G'\) be a simple, split, simply laced group defined over \(F\). Assume that \(G'\) is not of type \(A_n\). Then there is a dual pair of reductive groups \(G\) and \(SL(2)\) in \(G'\). In other words, \(G\times SL(2)\) embeds into \(G'\) and \(G\) and \(SL(2)\) satisfy the double centralizer property in \(G'\). The paper studies the correspondence between automorphic forms on \(G(A)\) and automorphic forms on \(SL(2,A)\) using a relative trace formula. One side of the relative trace formula is the Kuznetsov trace formula, i.e., a double integral of a Selberg kernel function on \(SL(2,A)\) integrated against two additive characters. The other side is a double integral of the product of a kernel function on \(G(F)\setminus G(A)\), an additive character, and a theta series. The appearance of this theta series in the integrand is inspired by the theory of theta correspondence of automorphic forms. The main goal of the paper is to prove the fundamental lemma of the relative trace formula. This fundamental lemma asserts that certain orbital integrals from the two sides of the relative trace formula are equal for unit elements of certain Hecke algebras. Its proof is in section 4, pp. 330-335. The fundamental lemma implies an identity of certain exponential sums (p. 336).