The noncommutative Löwner theorem for matrix monotone functions over operator systems (Q1690674)

The author builds a very general framework for investigation of matrix monotone functions. The matrix universe \(\mathcal{M}(R)\) consists of all matrices over a real topological vector space \(R\). The functions go from a domain contained in one such universe into another. The domain should be unitarily invariant and invariant under (finite) direct sums. The functions considered (called \textit{free} in the paper), defined on such domains, take \(n\) by \(n\) matrices into \(n\) by \(n\) matrices, and respect direct sums and similarity. The main theorem is formulated for \(R\) being a real operator system, i.e., a real subspace containing \(1\) in a \(C^*\)-algebra of self-adjoint elements, which gives a natural ordering of the matrices. The main result is a noncommutative Löwner-type theorem for such systems. The proof is based on the author's generalization of a theorem from [\textit{J. Agler} et al., Ann. Math. (2) 176, No. 3, 1783--1826 (2012; Zbl 1268.47025)].