The \(f\)-prime radical in \(\Gamma\)-nearrings (Q1964733)

Let \(M\) be a \(\Gamma\)-nearring and let \(f\) be a mapping from \(M\) into the set of all ideals of \(M\) satisfying (i) \(a\in f(a)\) for all \(a\in M\) and (ii) \(x\in f(a)+A\), \(A\) an ideal of \(M\) implies \(f(x)\subseteq f(a)+A\). \(f\)-systems are defined analogously to the corresponding concept for rings. An ideal \(A\) of \(M\) is \(f\)-prime if \(M\setminus A\) is an \(f\)-system. The \(f\)-radical of an ideal, \(f\text{-rad}(A)\) is the set of all elements \(a\) of \(M\) such that every \(f\)-system which contains \(a\), meets \(A\). It is shown that \(f\text{-rad}(A)\) is the intersection of the \(f\)-prime ideals of \(M\) which contain \(A\). An element \(a\) of \(M\) is said to be strongly nilpotent modulo \(A\) if for every sequence \(x_1,x_2,\dots\) of elements of \(M\) such that \(a=x_1\) and \(x_i=x^1_{i-1}\alpha_{i-1}x^*_{i-1}\) for some \(x^1_{i-1},x^*_{i-1}\in\langle x_i\rangle\), \(\alpha_{i-1}\in\Gamma\), there exists \(k\in\mathbb{N}\) such that \(x_n\in A\) for all \(n\geq k\). \(a\) is strongly nilpotent if it is strongly nilpotent modulo \(\{0\}\) and \(a\) is \(f\)-strongly nilpotent if every element of \(f(a)\) is strongly nilpotent. It is shown that \(f\text{-rad}(M)=\{x\in M\mid x\) is \(f\)-strongly nilpotent\(\}\cup\{0\}\).