The Euler-Maclaurin formula in presence of a logarithmic singularity (Q1963916)

Let \(f\) be a function on \([-1/2,1/2]\), such that \(f(x)= g(x)\log(x^2)\), \(g\in C^{T+1}[-1/2, 1/2]\), \(T\in \mathbb{N}\). The paper is devoted to obtain an extension of the Euler-Maclaurin expansion to estimate the error of rectangular composite quadrature rules applied to \(f\). Let \(\{B_k(x)\}\) be the Bernoulli polynomials and let \(\Delta f:= f(1/2)- f(-1/2)\). The step \(h= 1/N\), an the partition \(x_j:= -1/2+ jh\), \(j\in\mathbb{Z}\), are taken for any positive integer \(N\). The norms to be used are the following \[ \|g\|_{m,\infty}:= \max_{-1/2\leq t\leq 1/2}|g^{(j)}(t)|,\quad \|f\|_\infty:= \max_{0\leq t\leq 1}|f(t)|. \] With the same notation as given above, the main result of the paper is the following. Theorem 1. There exists a sequence of 1-periodic continuous functions \(D_k: \mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}\) for \(k\geq 1\), such that for every integer \(T\) and \(g\) with \(g(0)= 0\), the following asymptotic expansion holds: for all \(u\in [0,1]\) and for all \(N\) even \[ h\sum^{N-1}_{i= 0}f(x_i+ uh)- \int^{1/2}_{-1/2} f(t) dt= \sum^T_{k=1} {h^k\over k!} B_k(u)\Delta f^{(k- 1)}+ \sum^{T- 1}_{k= 1} {h^{k+1}\over k!} D_k(u) g^{(k)}(0)+ R, \] where \(R= R_{h,T+1} g(u)\) and \(\|R\|_\infty\leq C_T h^{T+1}\|g\|_{T+1,\infty}\). A similar expansion, with \(D_k(u+ 1/2)\) instead of \(D_k(u)\), holds for \(N\) odd. This formula is also proved for the case \(g(0)\neq 0\).