Magnetic Neumann Laplacian on a sharp cone (Q2347167)

The right circular cone \(\mathcal{C}_\alpha\) of angular opening \(\alpha\in(0,\pi)\) is defined in the Cartesian coordinates \((x,y,z)\) by \[ \mathcal{C}_a=\{(x,y,z)\in\mathbb R^3,\;z>0,\;x^2+y^2< z^2\tan^2\alpha\}. \] Let \(\mathbf B\) be the constant magnetic field which makes an angle \(\beta\in\left[0,\frac{\pi}{2}\right]\) with the axis of the cone, that is, \(\mathbf{B}(x,y,z)=(0,\sin\beta,\cos\beta)^T\). The corresponding magnetic potential \(\mathbf A\) is \[ \mathbf{A}(x,y,z) =\frac{1}{2}{\mathbf{B}}\times {\mathbf{x}}=\frac 12(z\sin\beta-y\cos\beta,x\cos\beta,-x\sin\beta)^T. \] The authors consider the Friedrichs extension \(H\) associated with the quadratic form \(\| (-i\nabla+\mathbf{A})\psi\|^2_{L^2(\mathcal{C}_\alpha)}\) with Neumann boundary condition \((-i\nabla +{\mathbf A})u\cdot\nu = 0\) on \(\partial \mathcal{C}_\alpha\). The main result of the paper under review is the existence of a discrete spectrum below the essential spectrum in the limit \(\alpha\to 0\). The authors establish a full asymptotic expansion for the eigenvalues: For all \(n\geq 1\), there exist \(\alpha_0(n)>0\) and a sequence \((\gamma_{j,n})_{j\geq 0}\) such that, for all \(\alpha\in(0,\alpha_0(n))\), the \(n\)-th eigenvalue of \(H\) exists and satisfies \[ \lambda_n(\alpha,\beta)\underset{\alpha} {0}{\sim}\alpha\sum_{j\geq 0} \gamma_{j,n} \alpha^{j}\quad \text{ with }\quad \gamma_{0,n}=\frac{4n-1}{2^{5/2}} \sqrt{1+\sin^2\beta}. \]