Serre-Lusztig relations for \(\imath\) quantum groups. II (Q2072195)

This paper is a continuation of \textit{X. Chen} et al. [Commun. Math. Phys. 382, No. 2, 1015--1059 (2021; Zbl 1484.17022)] on Serre-Lusztig relations for \(\imath\)quantum groups of \textit{arbitrary} Kac-Moody type. Let \(\mathfrak{g}\) be a Kac-Moody algebra and let \(U_q(\mathfrak{g})\) be the associated Drinfeld-Jimbo quantum group. To a pair of a partition \(\mathbb{I} = \mathbb{I}_{\circ} \cup \mathbb{I}_{\bullet}\) of the set of Dynkin nodes of \(\mathfrak{g}\) and a Dynkin diagram automorphism \(\tau\) satisfying certain admissibility, one attaches a coideal subalgebra \(U_q^{\imath}(\mathfrak{g})\) of the Hopf algebra \(U_q(\mathfrak{g})\). It is generated by \(B_i\) for \(i \in \mathbb{I}_0\) and called \textit{\(\imath\)quantum group}. The Serre-Lusztig relations are a family of identities for \(B_j\) and suitable \(\imath\)-divided powers of \(B_i\) where \(i, j \in \mathbb{I}_{\circ}\) and \(i \neq j\). These relations with minimal degrees are Serre relations and they were known in the case \(\tau i \neq i\). In [loc. cit.] the authors formulated and proved Serre-Lusztig relations in the case \(\tau i = i = w_{\bullet} i\), where \(w_{\bullet}\) is the longest element of the parabolic subgroup of the Weyl group of \(\mathfrak{g}\) associated to \(\mathbb{I}_{\bullet} \subset \mathbb{I}\). The \(\imath\)-divided powers involved in these relations appeared previously in the theory \(\imath\)-canonical basis initiated and developed by the fourth author and his collaborators. The present paper drops the assumption \(i = w_{\bullet} i\) and establishes Serre-Lusztig relations in the case \(\tau i = i\). For this purpose, the authors introduce a \textit{new} notion of \(\imath\)-divided powers based on \(q\)-derivations of the quantum group \(U_q(\mathfrak{g})\). These \(\imath\)-divided powers specialize to the one in \(\imath\)-canonical basis if and only if \(i = w_{\bullet} i\).