Adjunction and singular loci of hyperplane sections (Q2351885)

It is a classical result by \textit{E. Bertini} [Introduzione alla geometria proiettiva degli iperspazi, con appendice sulle curve algebriche e loro singolaritá (1907; JFM 37.0580.02)] that the general singular hyperplane section of a smooth projective variety \(X\) is singular along a linear space and that its singularities are non-degenerate quadratic. It is known [\textit{L. Ein}, Invent. Math. 86, 63--74 (1986; Zbl 0603.14025)] that this provides the normal bundle of the singular locus in \(X\) with an extra structure, in fact a global section of the second symmetric power of its dual twisted by one. The authors of this paper observe that this is a general fact when we consider the more general situation of an ample divisor \(L\) whose singular locus \(P\) is smooth and the singularities of \(L\) are non-degenerate quadratic. Hence the normal bundle \(N_{P/X}\) is isomorphic to its dual twisted by \(L\) and adjunction formula gives some information on the determinant of the normal and on the canonical divisor on \(P\). This leads to a study of positivity conditions for adjoint bundles \(K_X+tL\) with \(t\) greater than or equal to the dimension of \(X\) minus \(3\). Several interesting examples are presented. Further progress on the topic by the same authors in [Rend. Circ. Mat. Palermo (2) 63, No. 2, 247--255 (2014; Zbl 1371.14009)].