The Harder-Narasimhan stratification of the moduli stack of \(G\)-bundles via Drinfeld's compactifications (Q2354998)

Let \(X\) be a smooth complete curve over an algebraically closed field \(k\) of arbitrary characteristic. Let \(G\) be a reductive linear algebraic group over \(k\). The main goal of this work is to generalise the Harder-Narasimhan stratification of the moduli stack of vector bundles on \(X\) to the moduli stack \(\mathrm{Bun}_{G}\) of principal \(G\)-bundles on \(X\). To establish the stratification at the set-theoretical level, one needs to show the existence and uniqueness of Harder-Narasimhan filtration for the principal \(G\)-bundles (also called the canonical reduction in the article). The idea is again to look for the maximal destabilising sub principle \(G\)-bundle. Its existence is guarantied by bounding the slopes of all the sub principal \(G\)-bundles, which can be reduced to the setting of vector bundles by considering the associated vector bundles. To show the uniqueness, one needs to compare the slopes of different reductions to different parabolic subgroups, this is the content of the comparison theorem 4.1. Here comes the first technical novelty of the work: The author exploits the Bruhat decomposition of the double quotient \(P_{1}\backslash G/P_{2}\) for parabolics \(P_{1}\) and \(P_{2}\) to get a geometric proof of the comparison theorem. To get the stratification at the schematic level, i.e. to define the stratum as locally closed substacks of \(\mathrm{Bun}_{G}\), the author exploits Drinfeld's relative compactification of the morphism \(\mathrm{Bun}_{P}\to \mathrm{Bun}_{G}\), here \(P\) is a parabolic subgroup of \(G\). This is the second technical novelty of the work. The point is that, the relative compactification \(\overline{\mathfrak{p}}_{P}:\,\overline{\mathrm{Bun}}_{P}\to \mathrm{Bun}_{G}\) is propre, hence one can define the strata as the stack-theoretic image under \(\overline{\mathfrak{p}}_{P}\) of certain substack of \(\overline{\mathrm{Bun}}_{P}\). As a corollary of the construction, the author obtains a formula for the strata closure.