Direct and inverse problems for a periodic problem with non-local potential (Q2208437)

In this paper, the author studies the operator \[ (Ly)(x)=-y''(x)+\alpha\int\limits_{0}^{\pi}y(t)\overline{v(t)}dtv(x), \] where \(\alpha\) is real, \(v\in L^{2}(0,\pi)\) and the domain of the operator \(L\) is \(W_{2}^{2}(0,\pi)\) with boundary conditions \[ y(0)=y(\pi),y'(0)=y'(\pi). \] First, the author gives a characterisation of the spectrum of the operator \(L\). The author proves that the spectrum of the operator \(L\) is discrete and its multiplicity is not higher than 3, besides, there is a finite number of such eigenvalues and only one simple negative value is possible for a negative coupling constant \(\alpha<0\). Second, the author gives necessary and sufficient conditions when non-decreasing sequence is spectrum of the \(L\). If \((\mu_{n})_{n=1}^{\infty}\) are zeroes of an entire function of exponential type, then the non-decreasing sequence \((\lambda_{n})_{n=1}^{\infty}\) is the spectrum of \(L\) iff it is true \begin{itemize} \item \(\mu_{n}<\lambda_{n}<\mu_{n+1}\) for \(\alpha>0\) or \(\mu_{n-1}<\lambda_{n}<\mu_{n}\) for \(\alpha < 0\); \item for \(n\rightarrow\infty\), the asymptotic equalities \(\lambda_{n}=\mu_{n+\epsilon_{n}}\) are true where \(\sum\limits_{n=1}^{\infty}\epsilon_{n}^{2}<\infty\) \end{itemize} Third, the author proves a theorem of uniqueness from three spectra for this operator. Parameters \(\alpha, v(x)\) of the operator \(L\) are unique determined from three spectra, firstly for \(L(\alpha,v(x)\), secondly for \(L(\alpha, v(x)+x-\frac{\pi}{2}\) and third for \(L(\alpha, v(x)+\left(x+\frac{\pi}{2}\right)^{2}\). The author proves uniqueness of the Fourier coefficients of the function \(v(x)\).