Spectral enclosures for a class of block operator matrices (Q2302166)

Consider the block operator matrices \(S\) acting in the orthogonal sum \(H = H_{+} \oplus H_{ - }\) of two Hilbert spaces, \[ S = \begin{bmatrix} A & B \\ -B^* & D \end{bmatrix}, \] where \(A\) and \(D\) are (possibly unbounded) self-adjoint operators in \(H_{+}\) and \(H_{-}\), respectively, and \(B\) is a bounded operator from \(H_{+}\) to \(H_{-}\). The location of the spectrum and spectral enclosures of \(S\) can be investigated via the quadratic numerical range. In [\textit{S. Albeverio} et al., Indiana Univ. Math. J. 59, No. 5, 1737--1776 (2010; Zbl 1236.47032)] and [\textit{J. Behrndt} et al., Math. Ann. 357, No. 1, 185--213 (2013; Zbl 1281.47024)], spectral enclosures of \(S\) are obtained in terms of the spectra of \(A\) and \(D\). The authors prove new spectral enclosures for the non-real spectrum of the class of \(2 \times 2\) block operator matrices \(S\). One of their main results resembles Gershgorin's circle theorem [\textit{A. Dall'Acqua} et al., Math. Nachr. 288, No. 17--18, 1981--1994 (2015; Zbl 1330.47009)]. They also improve the spectral enclosures for \(J\)-frame operators.