Doubly ruled submanifolds in space forms (Q2381127)

A manifold \(M^m\subset\mathbb{Q}_c^{m+p}\), where \(\mathbb{Q}_c^{m+p}\) is a simply-connected Riemannian manifolds of constant sectional curvature \(c\), is called doubly ruled (resp., doubly conformally ruled) if \(M^m\) has two nontrivial smooth foliations \({\mathcal F}_1\) and \({\mathcal F}_2\) whose leaves are totally geodesic (resp. totally umbilical) in \(\mathbb{Q}_c^{m+p}\) and transversal. A manifold \(M^{n+k+r}\subset\mathbb{Q}_c^{n+k+r+p}\) is called a \((n+r,k+r)\)-ruled (resp., conformally ruled) submanifold if it is doubly ruled (resp., conformally ruled) and \(n+ r=\text{rank\,}{\mathcal F}_1\), \(k+r= \text{rank\,}{\mathcal F}_2\). For any linear isomorphism \(L\) of \(\mathbb{R}^{N+1}\) the maximal cone \(L({\mathcal C}^{n, k}\times\mathbb{R}^r)\subset \mathbb{R}^{N+1}\), where \({\mathcal C}^{n,k}= \{S\in\mathbb{R}^{(n+1)(k+1)}: \text{rank\,}S= 1\}\). The manifolds \(^c{\mathcal N}_L^{n,k,r}= L({\mathcal C}^{n,k}\times \mathbb{R}^r)\cap \mathbb{Q} c^N\) are all embedded \((n+r,k+r)\)-ruled \((n+k+r)\)-dimensional algebraic substantial (resp., conformally substantial) submanifolds, i.e. they are not contained in a proper totally geodesic (resp., totally umbilical) submanifolds of the ambient space. The following classification theorem is proved. Theorem 1. Let \(M^{n+k+r}\subset \mathbb{Q}_c^{n+ k+r+p}\) be a substantial \((n+r,k+r)\)-ruled submanifold with \(n,k\geq 1\), \(r\geq 0\). Then \(p\leq nk\). Moreover, if equality holds, then \(M^{n+k+r}\) is congruent to (an open subset of) \(^c{\mathcal N}_L^{n, k,r}\) for some \(L\). Analogous theorems are obtained for \((n+r,k+r)\)-conformally ruled submanifolds.