3-manifolds that are covered by two open bundles (Q2493404)

The precise question answered by the authors is this: What closed 3-manifolds \(M\) can be covered by two homeomorphic open disk bundles of one of following five types: open disk bundles over the circle \(\mathbb{S}^1\), open \([0, 1]\) bundles over the 2-sphere \(\mathbb{S}^2\), or over the projective plane \(\mathbb{P}^2\), or over the torus \(\mathbb{T}^2\), or over the Klein bottle \(\mathbb{K}^2\)? (The paper might be compared with the study of Lusternik-Schnirelmann category: What is the minimal number of open contractible sets required to cover a given manifold \(M\)?) The authors find an exhaustive list of sixteen individual 3-manifolds \(M\) and five additional classes of 3-manifolds that admit such coverings.