Explicit evaluation of certain sums of multiple zeta-star values (Q2637423)

For positive integers \(k_1,\ldots,k_n\) with \(k_1\geq 2\), the multiple zeta value \(\zeta(k_1,\ldots,k_n)\) and the multiple zeta-star values \(\zeta^{\star}(k_1,\ldots,k_n)\) are respectively defined by the series \[ \begin{aligned} \zeta(k_1,\ldots,k_n) &=\sum_{m_1>\cdots >m_n>0}\frac{1}{m_1^{k_1}\cdots m_n^{k_n}},\\ \zeta^{\star}(k_1,\ldots,k_n) &=\sum_{m_1\geq \cdots \geq m_n>0}\frac{1}{m_1^{k_1}\cdots m_n^{k_n}}. \end{aligned} \] Let \[ \begin{aligned} s(p,q) &=\sum_{j_0,j_1,\ldots,j_{2p}\geq 0 \atop j_0+j_1+\cdots+j_{2p}=q} \zeta(\{2\}^{j_0},3,\{2\}^{j_1},1,\{2\}^{j_2},3,\ldots,3,\{2\}^{j_{2p-1}}1,\{2\}^{j_{2p}}),\\ s^{\star}(p,q) &=\sum_{j_0,j_1,\ldots,j_{2p}\geq 0 \atop j_0+j_1+\cdots+j_{2p}=q} \zeta^{\star}(\{2\}^{j_0},3,\{2\}^{j_1},1,\{2\}^{j_2},3,\ldots,3,\{2\}^{j_{2p-1}}1,\{2\}^{j_{2p}}), \end{aligned} \] where \(\{\;\}^{p}\) means that the sequence in the bracket is repeated \(p\) times. The following explicit formula for \(s(p,q)\) was obtained by \textit{D. Bowman} and \textit{D. M. Bradley} [J. Combin. Theory Ser. A 97, 43--61 (2002; Zbl 1021.11026)]: \[ s(p,q) =\binom{2p+q}{q}\frac{\pi^{4p+2q}}{(2p+1)(4p+2q+1)!}. \] As an analogue of this, it was shown by \textit{H. Kondo} et al. [J. Number Theory 132, 1984--2002 (2012; Zbl 1269.11082)] that \(s^{\star}(p,q)\in\mathbb{Q}\pi^{4p+2q}\), however, the rational part has not been given explicitly. In this paper, the author establishes the relation \[ s^{\star}(p,q) =\sum_{2i+k+u=2p \atop j+l+v=q}(-1)^{j+k}\binom{k+l}{k}\binom{u+v}{u}s(i,j)\zeta^{\star}(\{2\}^{k+l})\zeta^{\star}(\{2\}^{u+v}) \] and, as a consequence, reaches the explicit expression of the rational part: \[ \frac{s^{\star}(p,q)}{\pi^{4p+2q}} =\sum_{2i+k+u=2p \atop j+l+v=q}(-1)^{j+k}\binom{k+l}{k}\binom{u+v}{u}\binom{2i+j}{j}\frac{\beta_{k+l}\beta_{u+v}}{(2i+1)(4i+2j+1)!}, \] where \(\beta_{r}=(2^{2r}-2)\frac{(-1)^{r-1}B_{2r}}{(2r)!}\) with \(B_{2r}\) being the Bernoulli number.