Twisted Brin-Thompson groups (Q2674448)

Let \(S\) be a countable set and \(G\) be a group acting faithfully on \(S\). If \(\mathfrak{C}\,=\,\{\,0,\,1\,\}^{\omega}\) is the Cantor set and \(\mathfrak{C}^{S}\) the set of all functions \(\kappa\,:\,S\,\longrightarrow\,\mathfrak{C}\), then can be defined a kind (special type) homeomorfisms of \(\mathfrak{C}^{S}\) (for this kind of homeomorphisms we refer in the paper). This kind of homeomorphisms form a group \(SV_{G}\), the twisted Brin-Thompson group. These groups form a family of infinite simple groups and form a generalization of Brin-Thompson groups for \(S\) finite and \(G\) the trivial group. Before quote the main results related the group \(SV_{G}\), we refer the necessary terminology. Let \(\mathfrak{C}_{1}^{S},\,\mathfrak{C}_{2}^{S},\,\dots \,\) an infinite sequence of disjoint copies of \(\mathfrak{C}^{S}\) and \(\mathfrak{C}^{S}(m)\,=\,\mathfrak{C}_{1}^{S}\cup \mathfrak{C}_{2}^{S}\cup\,\cdots\,\cup \mathfrak{C}_{m}^{S}\). Given an \(s\in S\), the simple split with color \(s\) is a homeomorphism \(x_{s}\,:\,\mathfrak{C}^{S}(1)\,\longrightarrow\,\mathfrak{C}^{S}(2)\). It is defined in the namesake paragraph in the paper. For each \(\gamma \in G\), let \(\tau _{\gamma}\,:\,\mathfrak{C}^{S}\,\longrightarrow\,\mathfrak{C}^{S}\) be the twist homeomorphism of \(\mathfrak{C}^{S}\) defined by \(\tau _{\gamma}(\kappa)(s)\,=\,\kappa (\gamma ^{-1}s)\) for all \(\kappa \in \mathfrak{C}^{S}\) and \(s\in S\). The map \(\iota_{\emptyset}\,:\,G\,\longrightarrow\,SV_{G}\) with \(\iota _{\emptyset}(\gamma )\,=\,\tau _{\gamma}\) is an embedding homomorphism of groups. The map \(\iota _{1}^{s}\,:\,G\,\longrightarrow\,SV_{G}\) with \(\iota_{1}^{s}(\gamma )\,=\,x_{s}^{-1}(id_{1}\,\oplus\,\tau _{\gamma})x_{s}\), where \(id_{1}\) denotes the indentity map on \(\mathfrak{C}^{S}\) and \(\oplus\) the direct sum of the separate homeomorphisms \( id_{1}\) and \(\tau _{\gamma}\) is also an embedding homomorphism of groups. \textbf{Theorem A.} The group \(SV_{G}\) is finitely generated if and only if \(G\) is finitely generated and the action of \(G\) on \(S\) has finitely many orbits. \textbf{Theorem B.} Suppose \(G\) and \(SV_{G}\) are finitely generated. Then there exists a coarse Lipschitz map \(\rho\,:\,SV_{G}\,\longrightarrow\,G\) such that \(\rho \circ \iota _{\emptyset}\) is the identity. In particular, the group \(SV_{G}\) quasiretracts onto \(G\), and \(\iota_{\emptyset}\) is a quasi-isometric embedding of \(G\) in \(SV_{G}\). \textbf{Theorem.} (Theorem 3.4 in the paper) The twisted Brin-Thompson group \(SV_{G}\) is simple. Moreover, if \(SV_{G}\) is finitely generated then it can be generated by two elements of finite order. \textbf{Theorem C.} Every finitely generated group embeds quasi-isometrically as a subgroup of a finitely generated (indeed two-generated) simple group. The fact that every finitely generated embeds into a finitely generated simple group is very well known (see in [\textit{P. Hall}, J. Aust. Math. Soc. 17, 434--495 (1974; Zbl 0296.20015); \textit{P. E. Schupp}, J. Lond. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 13, 90--94 (1976; Zbl 0363.20026); \textit{A. P. Goryushkin}, Math. Notes 16, 725--727 (1975; Zbl 0309.20012)]), but it not was previously known that this embedding could be made quasi-isometrically. This result also strengthens a theorem of \textit{M. R. Bridson} [Geom. Topol. Monogr. 1, 99--116 (1998; Zbl 0922.20045)]. The fact that every finitely generated group embeds isometrically as a subgroup of a finitely generated simple group has also been proved independently by \textit{A. Darbinyan} and \textit{M. Steenbock} in [``Embeddings into left-orderable simple groups'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:2005.06183}]. A group \(G\) of permutations of a set \(S\) is said oligomorphic if, for every \(k\geq 1\), there are finitely many orbits of \(k\)-element subsets of \(S\). \textbf{Theorem D.} Let \(G\) be a oligomorphic group of permutations of a countable set \(S\). Let \(n\in \mathbb{N}\cup \{\,\infty\,\}\) and suppose that (i) \(G\) is of type \(F_{n}\), and (ii) the stabilizer in \(G\) of every finite subset of \(S\) is of type \(F_{n}\). Then \(SV_{G}\) is of type \(F_{n}\) as well. \textbf{Corollary E.} If \(G\) is Thompson's group \(F\) and \(S\) is the set of dyadic rationals in \((0,\,1)\), then \(SV_{G}\) is a simple group of type \(F_{\infty}\) that contains \(sV\) for all \(s\in \mathbb{N}\), and hence contains every right-angled Artin group. \textbf{Theorem F.} Let \(G\) be a oligomorphic group of permutations of a set \(S\). Let \(n\in \mathbb{N}\) and suppose that (i) \(G\) is of type \(F_{n-1}\) but not of type \(F_{n}\), and (ii) the stabilizer in \(G\) of every finite subset of \(S\) is of type \(F_{n-1}\). Then \(SV_{G}\) is of type \(F_{n-1}\) but not of type \(F_{n}\). \textbf{Corollary G.} If \(G\) is the \(n^{th}\) Houghton group \(H_{n}\) and \(S\,=\,\{\,1,\,2,\,\dots,\,n\,\}\times \mathbb{N}\), then \(SV_{G}\) is a simple group of type \(F_{n-1}\) that is not of type \(F_{n}\). \textbf{Conjecture H.} The group \(SV_{G}\) is of type \(F_{n}\) if and only if the following conditions hold: (i) The action of \(G\) on \(S\) has finitely many orbits of \(h\)-element subsets. (ii) \(G\) is of type \(F_{n}\). (iii) For each \(1\leq k < n\), the stabilizer in \(G\) of any \(k\)-element subset of \(S\) is of type \(F_{n-k}\).