Étale covers and fundamental groups of schematic finite spaces (Q2675968)

After delving into its strong relationship with qcqs schemes, some applications like singularities and Prüfer spaces, coupled with a finding being an intuitive approach to Grothendieck's Algebraic Geometry, and grouping the fact that strictly topological finite models play the role of the Čech nerve of a cover, the authors established an algebraic construction of schematic spaces via Galois Category analogous to the world-renowned Grothendieck's étale fundamental group. The main achievement is the following theorem: Theorem. \begin{itemize} \item[1.] If \(X\) is a schematic space and \(\mathscr{O}_X(X)\) has connected spectrum, for any geometric point \(\overline{x}\) of \(X\), the pair \((\mathbf{Qcoh}^{\mathrm{fet}}(X)^{\mathrm{op}}, \mathrm{Fib}_{\overline{x}})\) is a Galois Category. \item[2.] If \(\pi: S\rightarrow X\) is a finite model of a scheme and \(\overline{s}\in S^{\bullet}(\Omega)\) is the corresponding geometric point, then there is an isomorphism of profinite groups \[ \pi^{\mathrm{et}}_1(S,\overline{s})\simeq \pi^{\mathrm{et}}_1(X,\overline{x}), \] where \(\pi^{\mathrm{et}}_1(X,\overline{x}):=\mathrm{Aut}_{[\mathbf{Qcoh}^{\mathrm{fet}}(X)^{\mathrm{op}}, \mathbf{Set}_f]}(\mathrm{Fib}_{\overline{x}})\). \end{itemize} The keys are the constructions of a series of connectedness for desired demands and a description of geometric points of schematic spaces. Plus, in the definition of geometric points, we employ an approach similar to scheme theory. Specifically, in Section 3, the authors proved a proposition pertaining to the subcategory of pw-connected schematic spaces \(\mathbf{SchFin}^{\mathrm{pw}}\), which is crucial in Section 7: Theorem. The functor \(\mathbf{pw}: \mathbf{SchFin}\rightarrow \mathbf{SchFin}^{\mathrm{pw}}\) is right adjoint to \(i:\mathbf{SchFin}^{\mathrm{pw}}\hookrightarrow\mathbf{SchFin}\). The map \(\mathbf{pw}(X)\rightarrow X\) is a qc-isomorphism for all \(X\) and verifies \(\mathbf{pw} \circ i=\mathrm{Id}\). In particular, \(\mathbf{SchFin}^{\mathrm{pw}}_{\mathrm{qc}}\simeq\mathbf{SchFin}_{\mathrm{qc}}\). By a logical equivalence between finite étale covers and sheaves of algebras, the authors study the finite locally free sheaves on schematic finite spaces in Section 5. Afterward, they define the key fiber functor in Section 7 of our space \(X\) via \(\mathbf{SchFin}^{\mathrm{pw}}\): \begin{align*} \mathrm{Fib}_{\overline{x}}: \mathbf{Qcoh}^{\mathrm{fet}}(X)^{\mathrm{op}} & \rightarrow \mathbf{Set}_f\\ \mathcal{A} & \rightarrow |\mathbf{pw}((\star,\Omega)\times _X (X,\mathcal{A}))|. \end{align*} The rest is essentially the routine process of categorical theory.