Invariants of hypergeometric groups for Calabi-Yau complete intersections in weighted projective spaces (Q2448563)

This paper studies the space of quadratic invariants of the hypergeometric group associated to the twisted \(I\)-function. It is shown that this space is one-dimensional and spanned by the Gram matrix of a split-generator of the derived category of coherent sheaves on a Calabi-Yau complete intersection \(Y\) with respect to the Euler form. Here is more detailed description of the results. Let \({\mathbf q}=(q_0,\dots, q_N)\) and \({\mathbf d}=(d_1,\dots, d_r)\) be sequences of positive integers such that \(Q:=q_0+\dots+q_N=d_1+\dots+d_r\). Consider a complete intersection \(Y\) of degree \((d_1,\dots, d_r)\) in the weighted projective space \(\mathbb{P}=\mathbb{P}(q_0,\dots, q_N)\). If \(Y\) is smooth, then it is a Calabi-Yau manifold of dimension \(n:=N-r\). The derived category \(D^b\,coh\,\mathbb{P}\) of coherent sheaves on \(\mathbb{P}\) has a full strong exceptional collection \(({\mathcal{E}}_i)_{i=1}^Q=({\mathcal{O}}_{\mathbb{P}}, {\mathcal{O}}_{\mathbb{P}}(1),\dots, {\mathcal{O}}_{\mathbb{P}}(n-1))\) of line bundles, and let \(({\mathcal{F}}_i)_{i=1}^Q\) be the full exceptional collection dual to it, so that \(\chi({\mathcal{E}}_{Q-i+1},{\mathcal{F}}_j)=\delta_{ij}\) where \(\chi({\mathcal{E}},{\mathcal{F}})=\sum_k\,(-1)^k\,\text{{dim\, Ext}}^k({\mathcal{E}},{\mathcal{F}})\) is the Euler form. The derived restrictions \(\{\overline{\mathcal{F}}_i\}_{i=1}^Q\) of \(\{{\mathcal{F}}_i\}_{i=1}^Q\) to \(Y\) split-generate the derived category \(D^b\, coh Y\) of coherent sheaves of \(Y\). Then twisted \(I\)-function \(I_{\mathbb{P}, Y}(t)\) is introduced following [\textit{T. Coates} et al., Acta Math. 202, No. 2, 139--193 (2009; Zbl 1213.53106)]. The components of the twisted \(I\)-function span the space of solutions of the hypergeometric differential equation: \[ \left[\prod_{\nu=0}^N\prod_{a=0}^{q_{\nu}-1} (q_{\nu}\theta_t-a) -t\prod_{k=1}^r\prod_{b=1}^{d_{k}}(d_k\theta_t+b)\right]I=0\tag{\(*\)} \] where \(\theta_t=t\,\partial/\partial t\). Write \({\mathcal{H}}\) for the differential operator on the left hand side, and \({\mathcal{H}}^{\mathrm{red}}\) be the reduced operator. Then the local system \({\mathcal{L}}^{\mathrm{red}}\) is irreducible of rank \(\leq Q\). The mirror of \(Y\) is the family \(X_t\) of toric complete intersections, and the period integral \(I(t)\) of \(X_t\) satisfies the irreducible hypergeometic differential equation \({\mathcal{H}}^{\mathrm{red}} I=0\). Next define the hypergeometric group \(H_{{\mathbf{q}},{\mathbf{d}}}\) as the subgroup of \(\mathrm{GL}(Q,{\mathbb{Z}})\) generated by two elements \(h_{\infty}\) and \(h_0^{-1}\) whose entries (last columns) are determined by the coefficients of the characteristic polynomials of the monodromy of \((*)\) at \(\infty\) and \(0\), respectively. Theorem 1. The monodromy group of \((*)\) is conjugate to the hypergeometric group \(H_{{\mathbf q},{\mathbf d}}\). Corollary. The space of \(Q\times Q\)-matrices invariant under the action of the monodromy group \(H_{{\mathbf{q}},{{\mathbf{d}}}}\) is one-dimensional and spanned by the Gram matrix \((\chi(\overline{{\mathcal{F}}_i}, \overline{{\mathcal{F}}_j}))_{i,j=1}^Q\) of the split-generator \(\{\overline{{\mathcal{F}}_i}\}_{i=1}^Q\) with respect to the Euler form.