Inexistence of invariant measures for generic rational differential equations in the complex domain (Q2467002)

Let \(\text{Fol}(d,n)\) be the set of foliations by curves of degree \(d\) on \(\mathbb{C}P^n\). This set can be endowed with a natural topology, defined by considering it as a Zariski-open subset of the projective space of the \(0\)-degree cohomology of \(\mathbb{C}P^n\) with coefficients in the tensor product of the tangent sheaf and the line bundle of degree \(d\). The main result of the paper shows that there is an open and dense subset \(\mathcal{U}\subset\text{Fol}(d,n)\) such that any foliation \(\mathcal{F}\in\mathcal{U}\) has no invariant measure on its regular part, and thus the leaves of \(\mathcal{F}\) are hyperbolic. This theorem is based on a result by \textit{A. Lins Neto} and \textit{M. G. Soares} [J. Differ. Geom. 43, 652--673 (1996; Zbl 0873.32031)], asserting that there is an open and dense subset \(\mathcal{U}\subset\text{Fol}(d,n)\) such that, for any foliation \(\mathcal{F}\in\mathcal{U}\), the singularities of \(\mathcal{F}\) are hyperbolic, and no algebraic curve is invariant by \(\mathcal{F}\). In fact, what the author shows is that any foliation satisfying these two properties has no invariant measure. The main ingredient of the proof is a generalization of a result of the author [Enseign. Math., II. Sér. 45, 195--216 (1999; Zbl 1004.32011)], which is an application of \textit{P. F. Baum} and \textit{R. Bott}'s localization principle [Essays Topol. Relat. Top., Mem. dédiés à Georges de Rham 29--47 (1970; Zbl 0193.52201)].