Trace identities on diagonal matrix algebras (Q824445)

For \(\alpha_{i},a_{ii}\in F\) (\(i=1,\dots,n)\), define \(t_{\alpha_{1},\ldots,\alpha_{n}}(\text{diag}(a_{11},\dots,a_{nn}))=\alpha_{1}a_{11}+\cdots+\alpha_{n}a_{nn}\). Let \(D_{n}^{t_{\alpha_{1},\ldots,\alpha_{n}}}\) denote the algebra of \(n\times n\) diagonal matrices endowed with the trace \(t_{\alpha_{1},\ldots,\alpha_{n}}\). Given a trace polynomial \(f(x_{1},\ldots,x_{k},\text{Tr})\) and \(\alpha\in F\), the trace polynomial \(f^{\alpha}(x_{1},\ldots,x_{k},\text{Tr})\) is obtained in the way that for every monomial \(M_{s}(x_{1},\dots,x_{k})\) of of \(f(x_{1},\ldots,x_{k},\text{Tr})\) containing \(s\) traces, \(f^{\alpha}(x_{1},\ldots,x_{k},\text{Tr})\) contains the monomial \(\alpha^{-s}M_{s}(x_{1},\dots,x_{k})\). Also, let \(C_{n}(x_{1},\ldots,x_{k})\) be the \(k\)-th Cayley-Hamilton polynomial. For arbitrary \(n\), there are two main results. (1) For nonzero \(\alpha\in F\), the trace \(T\)-ideal \(\text{Id}^{tr}(D_{n}^{t_{\alpha,\ldots,\alpha}})\) is generated by the polynomials \([x_{1},x_{2}]\) and \(C_{n}^{\alpha}(x_{1},...,x_{n})\). (2) If there exist \(i\) and \(j\) with distinct nonzero \(\alpha_{i}\) and \(\alpha_{j}\), then \(D_{n}^{t_{\alpha_{1},\ldots,\alpha_{n}}}\) does not satisfy any multilinear trace identity of degree \(n\) which is not a consequence of the identity \([x_{1},x_{2}]\equiv0\). Finally, the authors study the polynomial identities satisfied by \(D_{2}\) and \(D_{3}\) endowed with all possible traces. For the entire collection see [Zbl 1461.16003].