A partial analog of the integrability theorem for distributions on \(p\)-adic spaces and applications (Q1955868)

\noindent In the representation theory of real reductive groups, the so-called integrability theorem turns out to be very useful. This theorem says that the characteristic variety of a distribution on a smooth real algebraic variety is a co-isotropic subvariety of the cotangent bundle. For instance, the integrability theorem is used to prove the so-called multiplicity one theorems for \(\operatorname{GL}(n)\), viz., that, for any irreducible admissible representations \(\pi, \tau\) of \(\operatorname{GL}(n+1, \mathbb{R})\) and \(GL(n,\mathbb{R})\), respectively, one has \(\dim \operatorname{Hom} _{\operatorname{GL}(n,\mathbb{R})} (\pi, \tau) \leq 1\). This multiplicity-one theorem itself is deduced from the more general result that any \(\operatorname{GL}(n,\mathbb{R})\)-invariant (under the conjugation of the standard embedding) distribution on \(\operatorname{GL}(n+1,\mathbb{R})\) is invariant under transposition. The analogue for non-Archimedean local fields of characteristic \(0\) has also been proved (using other techniques since the integrability theorem itself was not available). The purpose of this paper is to prove a partial analogue of the integrability theorem and to deduce a uniform proof of multiplicity one theorems for \(\operatorname{GL}(n)\) over all non-Archimedean local fields of characteristic \(0\). The characteristic variety, defined via \(D\)-modules, is used in the usual integrability theorem and, this is available only for Archimedean local fields. The author uses the Zariski closure of the wave front set (defined using the Fourier transform) as an analogue of the characteristic variety available both in the Archimedean and the non-Archimedean cases. In this sense, he has replaced an algebraic form of the characteristic variety by a more analytic form. He proves a weaker integrability theorem to the effect that the Zariski closure of the wave front set is `weakly' co-isotropic -- a term coined by the author. This partial/weaker integrability theorem suffices for the applications like a uniform proof of the multiplicity one theorems. There is a minor typographical error in the top line of page 237, where the second time the term `non-Archimedean' is used, it should read `Archimedean'.