Commutators of Riesz transforms related to Schrödinger operators (Q628712)

The authors consider the Schrödinger operator \[ \mathfrak{L}=-\Delta+V \] on \(\mathbb{R}^d\), \(d\geq 3\), where the nonnegative potential \(V(x)\) belongs to \(RH_{q}\), which is a class satisfying the following reverse Hölder inequality \[ \left ( \frac{1}{|B|} \int_B V(x)^q \, dx \right )^{\frac{1}{q}} \leq C \left ( \frac{1}{|B|} \int_B V(x) \, dx \right )\tag{e1} \] for every ball \(B\) in \(\mathbb{R}^n\). The auxiliary function \(\rho(x)\) related to \(V(x)\) is defined as \[ \rho(x)=\frac{1}{m(x,V)}\dot{=} \sup_{r>0}\, \bigg \{ r:\; \frac{1}{r^{n-2}}\int_{B(x, r)}V(y)\, dy \leq 1 \bigg \}, \qquad x\in \mathbb{R}^n. \] For \(\theta>0\), a locally integrable function \(b\) is said to be in the class \(BMO_{\theta}(\rho) \) if \[ \frac{1}{|B(x,r)|}\int_{B(x,r)}|b(y)-b_B|dy\leq C(1+\frac{r}{\rho(x)})^{\theta}, \] for all \(x\in\mathbb{R}^d\) and \(r>0\), where \(b_B=\frac{1}{|B|}\int_Bb(y)dy.\) Define \(BMO_{\infty}(\rho)=\bigcup_{\theta>0}BMO_{\theta}(\rho) \). Clearly \(BMO\subseteq BMO_{\infty}(\rho)\). For \(\theta>0\), a locally integrable function \(b\) is said to be in the class \(BMO^{\log}_{\theta}(\rho) \) if \[ \frac{1}{|B(x,r)|}\int_{B(x,r)}|b(y)-b_B|dy\leq C\frac{(1+\frac{r}{\rho(x)})^{\theta}}{1+\log^{+}(\rho(x)/r)}, \] for all \(x\in\mathbb{R}^d\) and \(r>0\). Denote \(\mathcal {R}=\nabla(-\Delta+V)^{-\frac{1}{2}}\). For a locally integrable function \(b\), the commutators in this paper are defined as \[ \mathcal {R}_bf(x)=\mathcal {R}(bf)(x)-b(x)\mathcal {R}f(x) \] and \[ \mathcal {R}^{*}_bf(x)=\mathcal {R}^{*}(bf)(x)-b(x)\mathcal {R}^{*}f(x), \] under the assumption that \(V\in RH_{q_0}\) for \(q_0>d/2\) and \(b\in BMO_{\infty}(\rho)\). The authors study the \(L^p\) boundedness of the commutators \( \mathcal {R}_b \) and \(\mathcal {R}^{*}_b \). Especially, they prove that \(\mathcal {R}^{*}_b:L^{\infty}\rightarrow BMO_{\mathfrak{L}}\) is bounded if and only if \(b\in BMO^{\log}_{\theta}(\rho).\) Moreover, this conclusion holds true for \(\mathcal {R}_b\) when \(V\in RH_{d}\).