Donaldson theory on non-Kählerian surfaces and class VII surfaces with \(b_2=1\) (Q2574966)

In this very substantial paper it is proved that every compact complex surface \(X\) of class VII (Kodaira dimension kod\((X)=-\infty\) and \(b_1(X)=1\)) contains a compact complex curve. This result finishes the classification problem for surfaces \(X\) of class VII with \(b_2(X)\leq 1\). If \(b_2(X)=0\) then \(X\) is biholomorphically equivalent to a Hopf surface or to an Inoue surface by a theorem of \textit{F. A. Bogomolov} [Math. USSR, Izv. 10 (1976), 255--269 (1977), translation from Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Mat. 40, 273--288 (1976; Zbl 0352.32020)], for a complete proof see also \textit{J. Li, S.T, Yau} and \textit{F. Zheng} [Commun. Anal. Geom. 2, No. 1, 103--109 (1994; Zbl 0837.53053)] and \textit{A. Teleman} [Int. J. Math. 5, No. 2, 253--264 (1994; Zbl 0803.53038)]. The classification in the situation \(b_2(X)=1\) and \(X\) containing a curve was given in 1984 by \textit{I. Nakamura} [Invent. Math. 78, 393--443 (1984; Zbl 0575.14033)]. In the present paper it is shown that if \(b_2(X)=1\), then there exists an effective divisor \(C>0\) on \(X\) such that \(c_1^{\mathbb Q}({\mathcal O}(C))\) equals one of the rational cohomology classes \(\pm c_1^{\mathbb Q}({\mathcal K}),\,\,0,\,\, 2c_1^{\mathbb Q}({\mathcal K})\), where \({\mathcal K}\) denotes the canonical line bundle of \(X\). The idea of the proof is to show that otherwise there would exist a certain moduli space of stable rank 2 bundles on \(X\) which contains a compact Riemann surface \(Y\) with points corresponding to non-filtrable bundles (bundles with no subsheaves of rank 1), and points corresponding to filtrable bundles. This leads at the end to a non-trivial holomorphic map from \(Y\) into some moduli space and to a contradiction to the fact that the algebraic dimension \(a(X)=0\). The proof uses techniques from Donaldson theory, compactness theorems for moduli spaces of stable bundles and the Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence on surfaces.