Some further properties of soft subgroups (Q1383700)

A proper subgroup \(H\) of a \(p\)-group \(G\) is called soft if \(H\) is a maximal Abelian subgroup of \(G\) and is of index \(p\) in its normalizer. The second author in his previous works investigated the main properties of these subgroups. A subgroup \(H\) of a \(p\)-group \(G\) is \(n\)-uniserial for each \(i=1,2,\dots,n\), if there is a unique subgroup \(K_i\) such that \(H\leq K_i\) and \(| K_i:H|=p^i\). If the subgroups of \(G\) containing \(H\) form a chain we say that \(H\) is uniserially embedded in \(G\). A soft subgroup \(H\) of \(G\) is always uniserially embedded in \(G\). The authors of the article under review show that if \(p\) is odd and \(K\) is a 2-uniserial subgroup of order \(p\) in the \(p\)-group \(G\), then \(K\) is uniserially embedded in \(G\). They also prove the following results. Let \(A\) be a soft subgroup of index greater than \(p\). Let \(N_1=N_G(A)\) and \(R=G'Z(N_1)\). Then the \(A\)-invariant subgroups of \(R\) containing \(Z(N_1)\) form a chain. -- Suppose that the \(p\)-group \(G\) has a uniserially imbedded subgroup \(P\) of order \(p\). Then either \(G\) has a cyclic subgroup of index \(p\) or is of maximal class (coclass 1). There are many other interesting results in this article. The authors also offer some open questions.