Classification of nonnegative \(g\)-harmonic functions in half-spaces (Q2234494)

In this paper, the authors present an interesting short proof of the classification theorem for \(g\)-harmonic functions in half-spaces. Classification of solutions to elliptic equations is an important topic in many areas of mathematics. Specially, in geometry, geometric analysis and PDEs. They play a crucial role, for instance, in the classification of global profiles in geometric problems. This is specially true in free boundary problems. Blow-up solutions converge, under (in general) optimal regularity conditions, to solutions of elliptic equations globally defined, or sometimes, defined in half-spaces. Liouville- and Phragmem-Lindelöf-type theorems are ``fundamental to classify global solutions and to infer regularity of the original free boundary (before the blow-up)''. In this paper, the authors assume that \(u\) is a nonnegative solution to \(\Delta_g u = 0\) in \(\{x_n > 0\}\) that continuously vanishes on the flat boundary \(\{x_n = 0\}\). Then, modulo normalization, \(u(x) = x_n\) in \(\{x_n \geq 0\}\). The proof depends on a recent quantitative version of the Hopf-Oleĭnik lemma. Moreover, in this paper, the authors show how to adapt the existing proofs to extend Carleson estimate, boundary Harnack inequality and Schwartz reflection principle to the context of nonnegative \(g\)-harmonic functions. These results are also ingredients for the proof of the main result.