A time-dependent theory of quantum resonances (Q1302007)

The authors study the Schrödinger evolution governed by the self-adjoint operator \(H\equiv H_0+ W\) on \({\mathcal H}: i\partial_t\psi= H\psi\). \(H_0\) has an eigenvalue \(E_0\) which is embedded in the continuous spectrum of \(H_0\), and \(\psi_0\equiv \psi|_{t=0}\) is spectrally localized in a neighbourhood \(\Delta\) of \(E_0\). Let \(P\) be the orthogonal projector onto \(\text{Null}(H_0- E_0)\), \(A\) a self-adjoint operator, \(\langle A\rangle^\alpha\equiv (1+|A|^2)^{\alpha/2}\), and \(\kappa\equiv \|\langle A\rangle^\alpha \text{WP}\|\). They study two equations of \(P\psi\) and \(\overline P\psi\). The instability of \(E_0\) manifests itself on the evolution as follows: \(\psi(t)= (1+ O(\kappa))P\psi(t)+ \psi_{\text{disp}}(t)\), \(\psi_{\text{disp}}(t)\) is dispersive, \(\lim_{t\to\infty}\|\langle A\rangle^{-\alpha}\psi_{\text{disp}}(t)\|_{\mathcal H}= 0\), and \(P\psi(t)= e^{-i\lambda t}\psi_0+ O(\kappa^{1- 4\beta}(t+ 1)^{-\beta})\), where \(\lambda\) is a bounded operator satisfying \(\text{Re}(\lambda)= E_0P+ O(\kappa)\) and \(\text{Im}(\lambda)= -\Gamma+ O(\kappa^3)\). \(O(\kappa^3)\) in \(\text{Im}(\lambda)\) describes the resonances of \(H\), and WP in the expression of \(\kappa\) establishes a relation between the tunneling resonances and the Fermi-Golden rule. Their theory can be applied to many-body Schrödinger operators.