Infinitesimal unitary Hopf algebras and planar rooted forests (Q2313414)

According to Rota, an infinitesimal bialgebra is both an algebra and a coalgebra, with the compatibility \[\Delta(xy)=x\Delta(y)+\Delta(x)y.\] \textit{M. Aguiar} [Contemp. Math. 267, 1--29 (2000; Zbl 0982.16028)] defined the notion antipode for such an object, giving infinitesimal bialgebra. Here, the noncommutative Connes-Kreimer algebra of planar decorated rooted trees is given a new coproduct with the help of a modified 1-cocycle equation for the growth operators, making it an infinitesimal Hopf algebra. A combinatorial description of this coproduct is given: it cuts any forest into two parts by deletion of a vertex, the remaining vertices been separated with the help of a total order. Universal properties are proved, in a similar fashion as the one for the classical Connes-Kreimer Hopf algebra.