E-proximinal subspaces (Q511206)

Let \(X\) be a Banach space and let \(Y \subset X\) be a closed subspace. \(Y\) is said to be ball proximinal [\textit{P. Bandyopadhyay} et al., in: Banach spaces and their applications in analysis. Proceedings of the international conference, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA, May 22--27, 2006. In honor of Nigel Kalton's 60th birthday. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. 251--264 (2007; Zbl 1135.41011)] if the unit ball \(Y_1\) is a proximinal subset of \(X\). For \(x \in X\) and for a proximinal subspace \(Y \subset X\), let \(P_Y(x)\) denote the set of best approximations in \(Y\) to \(x\) and for \(\delta >0\), let \(P_Y(x,\delta) = \{y \in Y: \|x-y\| < d(x,Y)+ \delta\}\). In this paper, for a proximinal subspace \(Y\), the authors study a notion weaker than ball proximinality, which they call \(E\)-proximinality, by requiring \(\inf\{\|y\|: y \in P_Y(x)\} \leq 1\) for \(x\) with \(d(x,Y) = d(x,Y_1)\). They show that this is equivalent to \(\inf\{\|y\|: y \in P_Y(x)\} = \lim_{\epsilon \rightarrow 0} \inf\{\|y\|: y \in P_Y(x, \epsilon)\}\) for \(x\) with \(d(x,Y) = 1\). In the case where \(Y = \ker(f)\) for a norm attaining functional \(f \in X^\ast\), if the preduality map is norm-weak upper semi-continuous at \(f\), then \(Y\) is \(E\)-proximinal. In the case of the space \(C(Q)\) of continuous functions on a compact Hausdorff space \(Q\), the authors show that any proximinal hyperplane is \(E\)-proximinal.