Properties of moduli of smoothness in \(L_p (\mathbb{R}^d)\) (Q783712)

The subject of the paper is to collect the main properties of moduli of smoothness in \(L_p(\mathbb{R}^d),\ 0<p\leq \infty\). The authors not only survey some basic well-known properties such as Marchaud's inequality but also obtain complete versions of Jackson and Ulyanov inequalities. For this they use needed Nikolskii-Stechkin and Hardy-Littlewood-Nikolskii type inequalities for entire functions of exponential type. They also derive equivalences between moduli of smoothness and the following characteristics: the corresponding \(K\)-functionals, the realization concept, and the average moduli of smoothness. All of them turn out to be important tools in approximation theory and functional analysis. For example, the realization concept is a suitable substitute for the \(K\)-functional for \(0<p<1\) and is given by \[ \mathcal{R}_{\alpha}(f,\delta)_p=\inf_{P\in\mathcal{B}_{1/\delta,p}}\left\{\Vert f-P\Vert_p+\delta^{\alpha}\sup_{\zeta\in\mathbb{R}^d,|\zeta|=1}\Vert D_{\zeta}^{\alpha}P\Vert_p\right\}, \] where \(\mathcal{B}_{\sigma,p}\) is the Bernstein space of entire functions of exponential type \(\sigma\) in \(\mathbb{R}^d\).