Randomly forced nonlinear PDEs and statistical hydrodynamics in 2 space dimensions (Q2368861)

The book gives a review of recent results in the mathematical theory of two-dimensional turbulence, described by the 2D Navier-Stokes equation, perturbed by a random force \[ \dot u-\nu\Delta u+(u\cdot\nabla)u+\nabla p=\eta(t, x),\qquad {\text{div}}~ u=0, \] where \(\eta\) is a random field. More generally, the results hold for solutions of many nonlinear dissipative equations. In particular, for the reaction-diffusion equation \[ \dot u-\nu\Delta u+u^3=\eta(t, x) \] or for the Ginzburg-Landau equation \[ \dot u-\nu\Delta u+i| u|^2u=\eta(t, x) \] with \(\dim x\leq 3\); or for the equation \[ \dot u-(\nu+i)\Delta u+i| u|^2u=\eta(t, x) \] with \(\text{ dim~} x\leq 4\). The author discusses the recent results on ergodicity of random dynamical systems, which the randomly forced Navier-Stokes equation defines in the function space of divergence-free vector fields, including a CLT. The physical meaning of these results is discussed as well as their relations with the theory of attractors. Next, the author studies the behaviour of solutions when the viscosity goes to zero. In the final section these dynamical methods are used to derive the balance relation -- the infinitely many algebraic relations satisfied by the solutions.