Concerning preservation of chainability upon taking a preimage under \(z \mapsto z^{2}\) (Q616942)

Let \(X\) be an arc in the complex plane \(\mathbb C\) with \(0\) as an endpoint. Then the preimage of \(X\) under \(f(z)=z^2\) is also an arc, and the endpoints of \(f^{-1}(X)\) are the points in the preimage of the nonzero endpoint of \(X\). The author studies necessary and sufficient conditions under which a chainable continuum in \(\mathbb C\) has chainable preimage under \(f\). Explicitly, the author proves the following theorems. Let \(p\) be a point in a planar continuum \(X\). The point \(p\) is accessible if there is an arc \(\alpha\) in \(\bar{\mathbb C}\) which only intersects \(X\) at \(p\). Theorem. Let \(f(z)=z^2\). Let \(X\) be an embedding of a chainable planar continuum in \(\mathbb C\) such that \(0\) is an endpoint of \(X\). If \(0\) is accessible, then \(f^{-1}(X)\) is chainable. Let \(X\) be an embedding of a chainable planar continuum in \(\mathbb C\) with \(p\) as an endpoint. Then \(p\) is a strong endpoint of \(X\) if for every \(\varepsilon >0\), there is an \(\varepsilon\)-chain covering \(X\) whose links are convex, such that \(p\) is in an end-link of the chain. Theorem. Let \(f(z)=z^2\). Let \(X\) be an embedding of a chainable planar continuum in \(\mathbb C\) such that \(0\) is a strong endpoint of \(X\). If \(0\) is accessible, then \(f^{-1}(X)\) is chainable. Theorem. Let \(f(z)=z^2\). Let \(X\) be an embedding of a chainable planar continuum in \(\mathbb C\). If \(f^{-1}(X)\) is chainable and \(y\) is an endpoint of \(f^{-1}(X)\), then \(f(y)\) is an endpoint of \(X\). The author also gives an example of a chainable continuum \(X\) with \(0\) as an endpoint such that \(f^{-1}(X)\) is not chainable.