On the A. Beurling convolution algebra (Q1922158)

Let \(\Omega= \Omega(\mathbb{R}^n)\) be the set of positive and summable \(\omega(x)\) which are nonincreasing functions of \(| x|\) and \(L^2_{\omega'}\) be the Banach space of measurable functions on \(\mathbb{R}^n\) having the norm \[ \| F\|_{L^2_{\omega'}}= \Biggl(\int_{\mathbb{R}^n} \omega dx \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} {| F|^2\over\omega} dx\Biggr)^{1/2} \] for any \(\omega\in\Omega\), where \(\omega'= \omega^{-1}\). Let \(A^2(\mathbb{R}^n,\Omega)\) be the set \(\bigcup_{\omega\in\Omega} L^2_{\omega'}\) having the norm \(\| F\|= \inf_{\omega\in\Omega} \| F\|_{L^2_{\omega'}}\). Then \(A^2(\mathbb{R}^n,\Omega)\) is a Banach algebra under addition and convolution. Another Banach algebra \({\mathcal A}^2(\mathbb{R}^n,\Omega_1)\) is also defined in association with a subset \(\Omega_1\) in \(\Omega\). \textit{A. Beurling} studied \(A^2(\mathbb{R}^1,\Omega)\) and \({\mathcal A}^2(\mathbb{R}^1,\Omega_1)\) in detail [Ann. Inst. Fourier 14, No. 2, 1-32 (1965; Zbl 0133.07501)]. The authors extend several of the theorems of Beurling on \(A^2(\mathbb{R}^1,\Omega)\) and \({\mathcal A}^2(\mathbb{R}^1,\Omega_1)\) to \(A^2(\mathbb{R}^n,\Omega)\) and \({\mathcal A}^2(\mathbb{R}^n, \Omega_1)\). One of these is the following: Let \(\widetilde A_2\) be the set of the functions \(f\) that are the Fourier transforms of functions \(F\in A^2(\mathbb{R}^n,\Omega)\). Then a function \(f\) belongs to \(\widetilde A_2\) if and only if: (a) \(f\) is continuous, (b) \(\lim_{| t|\to\infty} f(t)= 0\), (c) \(A(t)<\infty\), where \(A(t)= \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} \eta(\alpha, f) {d\alpha\over|\alpha|^{3n/2}}\), \(\eta(\alpha, f)= \Biggl[\Biggl({1\over\pi}\Biggr)^n \int_{\mathbb{R}^n}|\Delta^n_\alpha f(t)|^2 dt\Biggr]^{1/2}\), \(\Delta^n_\alpha(f)\) is the vector difference along \(\alpha\). Under these conditions, \(f\) is the Fourier transform of an \(F\in A^2(\mathbb{R}^n,\Omega)\), and the following inequalities hold: \(c_n\| F\|\leq A(f)\leq d_n\| F\|\), provided \(f\neq 0\), where \(c_n\) and \(d_n\) are positive constants which are independent of \(f\).