An equivalence theorem for regular differential chains (Q1733300)

The main purpose of the paper is the study of regularity properties of the image of a polynomial in a residue class ring using resultant computations. More precisely, let \(K\) be a field of characteristic zero and \(R = K[t_1, \ldots , t_m, x_1, \ldots , x_n]\) be a polynomial ring in \(n +m\) variables. Assume that that \(x_1 < x_2 < \cdots < x_n\). To each polynomial \(p \in R \setminus K\), one associates its leading variable, denoted by \(\mathrm{ld}(p)\), which is the highest variable appearing in \(p\). A finite set \(A = \{p_1, \ldots , p_n\}\) of \(R\) is called triangular if \(\mathrm{ld}(p_k) = x_k\) for each \(k\). The initial of \(p_k\), denoted by \(i_k\), is the leading coefficient of \(p_k\) w.r.t. its leading variable. Let \(A\) be a triangular set. Then, we define \(\mathrm{sat} (A) = (A) : (i_1 \cdots i_n)^\infty\). A triangular set is said to be a regular chain if the initial \(i_k\) of \(p_k\) is regular in \(R/ \mathrm{sat}(p_1, \ldots , p_{k-1})\) for each \(k\). The main contribution of the paper consists in showing that the following conditions are equivalent: 1) \(A\) is a regular chain; 2) for each \(2 \le \ell \le n\) and each \(1 \le k \le n\) we have \(\mathrm{res}(i_\ell, \{p_k, \ldots , p_n\})\) regular in \(R/\mathrm{sat}(A)\); 3) for each \(2 \le \ell \le n\) we have \(\mathrm{res}(i_\ell, A) \ne 0\); 4) for each \(f\in R\), \(f\) is regular in \(R/\mathrm{sat}(A)\) if and only if \(\mathrm{res}( f , A) \ne 0\); 5) for each \(f\in R\), \(f\) is regular in \(R/\mathrm{sat}(A)\) if and only if for each \(1 \le k \le n\), \(\mathrm{res}( f , \{p_k, \ldots , p_n\})\) is regular in \(R/\mathrm{sat}(A)\).