The classification of totally umbilical surfaces in homogeneous 3-manifolds (Q2512981)

The authors obtain in Theorem 3.8 and Theorem 4.4 the classification of totally umbilical surfaces in unimodular and non-unimodular simply-connected \(3\)-dimensional Lie groups endowed with arbitrary left-invariant Riemannian metrics. Other papers of the authors directly connected to this topic are [\textit{J. M. Manzano}, Pac. J. Math. 270, No. 2, 367--392 (2014; Zbl 1301.53025)], [\textit{R. Souam} and \textit{E. Toubiana}, Comment. Math. Helv. 84, No. 3, 673--704 (2009; Zbl 1170.53030)], and [\textit{R. Souam} and \textit{J. Van der Veken}, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 364, No. 7, 3609--3626 (2012; Zbl 1277.53021)].