Promotion and cyclic sieving on families of SSYT (Q824949)

In this well-written paper, the authors show a few instances of cyclic sieving phenomenon on certain families of semi-standard Young tableaux. Given a set \(X\), a cyclic group \(C_n = \langle g \rangle\) of order \(n\), and a polynomial \(f(q)\) that is a \(q\)-enumerator for \(X\), we say that the triple \((X, C_n, f(q))\) exhibits the cyclic sieving phenomenon (CSP) if, for every \(d \in \mathbb{Z}\), the cardinality of the fixed point set \(\{ x \in X \mid g^d x = x \}\) is equal to \(f(\xi_n^d)\), where \(\xi_n\) is an \(n\)-th root of unity. A semi-standard Young tableau is a filling of a Ferrer diagram with positive integers such that rows are weakly increasing left to right and columns are strictly increasing top to bottom (or bottom to top in French notation). For rectangular shapes of size \(n\), the \(\kappa\)-promotion operator on semi-standard Young tableaux has order \(n\), and indeed a cyclic sieving phenomenon arises. For non-rectangular shapes, such operator has very high order, making it unlikely to obtain CSP instances. For hook shapes, however, a certain power of the \(\kappa\)-promotion operator exhibits it anyway. The main result of this paper is to show that some other families of semi-standard Young tableaux exhibit the cyclic sieving phenomenon under the action of \(\kappa\)-promotion (or some power of it). In particular, they show that the CSP holds for stretched hook shapes with the \(q\)-cocharge enumerator and for skew shapes that are union of disjoint rectangles where the \(q\)-enumerator is given by some Kostka-Foulkes polynomial depending on the shape and the content of the tableau. Furthermore, they also show that certain two-row or three-row ribbon standard Young tableaux exhibit a bi-cyclic sieving phenomenon, that is, a generalization of the CSP obtained by replacing the cyclic group with a direct product of two cyclic groups, and the polynomial \(f(q)\) with a bivariate polynomial \(f(q,t)\). For these ribbon tableaux, the polynomial \(f(q,t)\) is a natural \(q,t\)-enumerator of the objects. In this special case, the biCSP implies the existance of a regular CSP for the action of the \(\kappa\)-promotion operator.