Homomorphisms, amenability and weak amenability of Banach algebras (Q1002422)

Let \(A\) be a Banach algebra. For any Banach algebra homomorphism \(\varphi: A\rightarrow B\), \(B\) turns into a Banach \(A\)-bimodule, \(B_\varphi\), by defining \(a\cdot b=\varphi(a)b\) and \(b\cdot a=b\varphi(a)\) (\(a\in A, b\in B\)). It is shown that \(A\) is amenable if and only if \(H^1(A,B_\varphi^*)=\{0\}\) for each homomorphism \(\varphi: A\rightarrow B\). On the other hand, it is shown that \(A\) is weakly amenable if and only if every derivation \(d: A\rightarrow B_\varphi\) such that \(\langle d(a),\varphi(b)\rangle+\langle d(b),\varphi(a)\rangle=0\) \((a,b\in A)\) is inner for each homomorphism \(\varphi: A\rightarrow B\) and every derivation \(D: A\rightarrow A^*\) such that \(\langle D(a),b\rangle+\langle D(b),a\rangle=0\) \((a,b\in A)\) is inner. Here, \((\cdot)^*\) stands for the dual.