\(G\)-dimension over local homomorphisms. Applications to the Frobenius endomorphism (Q1425778)

The aim of this article is to develop a theory of relative Gorenstein dimension over local morphisms of rings. Given a local morphism \(\varphi :R\to S\), for each finitely generated \(S\)-module \(M\), the authors define the \(G\)-dimension of \(M\) and the projective dimension \(\text{pd}(\varphi)\), over \(\varphi\). One important case is when \(\varphi \) is the Frobenius map over a ring \(R\) of positive characteristic, and a well known result about the regularity of \(R\) can be stated by: \(R\) is a regular ring if and only if \(\text{pd}(\varphi^n)\) is finite for some integer \(n\geq 1\). The paper contains important properties and results on projective dimension and depth. We state here the two more relevant results of the paper. Theorem A. Let \(R\) be a local ring of positive characteristic \(p\) and \(\varphi \) the Frobenius morphism. The following conditions are equivalent: (a) The ring \(R\) is Gorenstein. (b) \(\text{G-dim}_{\varphi^n}(R)\) is finite for some integer \(n\geq 1\). (c) There exists a nonzero finite \(R-\)module \(P\) of finite projective dimension and an integer \(n\geq 1\) such that \(\text{G-dim}_{\varphi^n}(P)\) is finite. Theorem B. Let \(\varphi :R\to S\) and \(\sigma :S\to T\) be local morphisms, and let \(P\) be a nonzero finite \(T-\)module. If \(\text{pd}_\sigma (P)\) is finite, then \[ \text{G-dim}_{\sigma \varphi}(P)=\text{G-dim}_{ \varphi}(S)+ \text{pd}_\sigma (P) \] In particular \(\text{G-dim}_{\sigma \varphi}(P)\) and \(\text{G-dim}_{ \varphi}(S)\) are simultaneously finite. The content of the paper is rather technical and is illustrated by some examples.