On hypersurface quotient singularities of dimension \(4\) (Q1777723)

Let \(G\) be a finite subgroup of \(\text{SL}(n,\mathbb{C})\). \(G\) acts on \(\mathbb{C}^n\) freely outside a finite collection of linear subspaces of codimension \(\geq 2\). The \(G\)-Hilbert scheme \(\text{Hilb}^G(\mathbb{C}^n)\) parameterizing \(G\)-clusters on \(\mathbb{C}^n\) has been introduced by \textit{I. Nakamura} [J. Algebr. Geom. 10, No.4, 757--779 (2001; Zbl 1104.14003)] as a natural candidate to provide crepant resolutions of the quotient singularity \(\mathbb{C}^n/G\).\newline For \(n=2\), \(\text{Hilb}^G(\mathbb{C}^2)\) is the minimal resolution of \(\mathbb{C}^2/G\) [\textit{Y. Ito} and \textit{I. Nakamura}, Proc. Japan Acad., Ser. A 72, No.7, 135--138 (1996; Zbl 0881.14002)] and for \(n=3\), by the theorem of \textit{T. Bridgeland, A. King} and \textit{M. Reid} [J. Am. Math. Soc. 14, No. 3, 535--554 (2001; Zbl 0966.14028)], \(\text{Hilb}^G(\mathbb{C}^3)\) is smooth and is a crepant resolution of \(\mathbb{C}^3/G\). But for \(n\geq 4\), \(\text{Hilb}^G(\mathbb{C}^n)\) is not always smooth and the quotient \(\mathbb{C}^n/G\) might have no crepant resolution at all.\newline This paper is mostly concerned with the family of examples given by abelian groups: \[ A_r(4)=\{g\in\text{SL}(4,\mathbb{C})\,| \,g \text{ diagonal}, g^{r+1}=1\},\quad r\geq 1. \] The main result is: \(\text{Hilb}^{A_r(4)}(\mathbb{C}^4)\) is a smooth toric variety with canonical bundle \(\omega={\mathcal O}_{\text{Hilb}^{A_r(4)}(\mathbb{C}^4)}(\sum\limits_{k=1}^mE_k)\) with \(m=r(r+1)(r+2)/6\), where \(E_k\)'s are disjoint smooth exceptional divisors isomorphic to \(\mathbb{P}_1\times\mathbb{P}_1\times\mathbb{P}_1\). Blowing down \(E_k\) to some factors \(\mathbb{P}_1\times\mathbb{P}_1\) for each \(k\), it gives rise to crepant resolutions of \(\mathbb{C}^4/A_{r}(4)\), all of them differ by a sequence of flops of \(4\)-folds. The result is proved in Section 4 (Theorem 4.1) by a deep study of the toric structure of \(\text{Hilb}^{A_r(4)}(\mathbb{C}^4)\) and Gröbner basis techniques. The easier special case \(r=1\) is treated in Section 3 (Theorem 3.5).\newline In Section 5, the authors compute a non-abelian case. Consider the alternating group \(\mathcal{A}_4\) acting by permutation on \(\mathbb{C}^4\) and restricted to \(\mathbb{C}^3\) considered as the standard representation. They apply their method to give a constructive proof of the known smooth and crepant structure of \(\text{Hilb}^{{\mathcal A}_4}(\mathbb{C}^3)\). The method could be further developed to investigate new higher-dimensional cases.