Nekhoroshev type stability results for Hamiltonian systems with an additional transversal component (Q2252338)

This paper establishes exponential stability results of Nekhoroshev type for perturbed Hamiltonian systems in the neighborhood of an elliptic fixed point, where the perturbation is a kind of transverse component of arbitrary dimension. Beginning with an integrable Hamiltonian \(H_{\text{int}}\) in action-angle coordinates \[ (I,\phi)= (I_1,\dots, I_n,\phi_1,\dots, \phi_n)\quad\text{in }\mathbb{R}^n\times (\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z})^n, \] Nekhoroshev established that a perturbation \[ H_{\text{pert}}(I_1,\dots, I_n,\phi_1,\dots, \phi_n)=H_{\mathrm{int}}(I_1,\dots,I_n)+O(\varepsilon) \] satisfying a steepness condition led to exponential stability: \[ |I(t)- I(0)|\leq R_0\varepsilon^b\text{ for }|t|< T_0 e^{(\varepsilon_0/\varepsilon)^a} \] for positive \(R_0\), \(T_0\), \(\varepsilon_0\), \(a\) and \(b\). It was then conjectured that exponential stability should hold for somehow more general perturbations in a sufficiently small neighborhood of an elliptic fixed point. The author considers the case where perturbations of the integrable Hamiltonian depend upon an additional transverse component \(\zeta=(\xi,\eta)\in \mathbb{R}^{2N}\) while the original phase space \(\{z= (x,y)\in \mathbb{R}^{2n}\}\) is a symplectic subspace of the enlarged phase space \(\mathbb{R}^{2n}\times \mathbb{R}^{2N}\). The author then considers a Hamiltonian of the form \[ H(z,\zeta)= H_0(z)+\sigma\Lambda(z, \zeta) \] with \[ H_0(z)= \langle\alpha, I(z)\rangle+{1\over 2}\langle AI(z), I(z)\rangle+ f(z), \] where \(\alpha\in \mathbb{R}^n\) is nonzero, \(A\) is a strictly positive \(n\times n\) matrix, \(f\) is a real analytic function vanishing to fifth order at \(z=0\) and \(\Lambda\) is a constraining potential with \(\Lambda= 0(|\zeta|^2)\) as \(\zeta\to 0\). For some conditions on \(A\) and for large \(\sigma\), the author shows that a similar exponential stability condition on the action holds for the projetive onto \(\mathbb{R}^{2n}\) of the flow on \(\mathbb{R}^{2n}\times \mathbb{R}^{2N}\).