Isomonodromic deformations of logarithmic connections and stable parabolic vector bundles (Q2308082)

Let \(X\) be a compact Riemann surface of genus \(g \geq 2\), and let \(D\) be a divisor on \(X\). Let \(\delta\) be a logarithmic connection, singular over \(D\), on a holomorphic vector bundle \(E\). A universal isomonodromic deformation of \((E,\delta)\) is a holomorphic vector bundle with a logarithmic connection on a Teichmuller space \(T\) with \(n=|D|\) marked points. Every point of this space defines a Riemann surface and resticting the universal isomonodromic deformation on this surface we obtain a bundle with a logarithmic connection on this surface. In the case of genus \(0\) it is very important (due to relation with the Riemann-Hilbert problem) to know whether the obtained bundle is trivial. If this property holds for the initial bundle then it holds for almost all bundles obtained by restrictions. In the case of higher genus this condition is too strong and one usually asks whether a bundle is semistable of degree \(0\) (in the case of genus \(0\) such bundle is trivial). As above if this property holds for the initial bundle then it holds for almost all bundles obtained by restrictions. But bundles with connections have a natural parabolic structure in the fibers over singular points. One can define the notion of semistability of this structure. If this property holds for the initial bundle, does it hold for a typical restriction? This is the main question of the paper. To formulate the result let us give some definitions. A quasiparabolic structure on \(E\) over the divisor \(D\) is a strictly decreasing filtration of subspaces in the fibers of \(E\) over \(x_j\in D\): \[E_{x_j}=E^1_j\supset E^2_j\supset \dots\supset E^{n_j+1}_j\] A parabolic structure is a quasiparabolic structure as above together with \(n\) sequences of real numbers \[0\leq \alpha_j^1< \alpha_j^2<..<\alpha_j^{n_j}<1, \quad 1\leq j\leq n.\] The parabolic degree is defined as follows \[ \text{par-}\deg(E)=\deg(E)+\sum_{i,j}\alpha_j^i\dim(E^i_j/E_j^{i+1}). \] The structure is called semistable if for any subbundle one has \[ \frac{\text{par-}\deg(F)}{\mathrm{rk}(F)}\leq \frac{\text{par-}\deg(E)}{\mathrm{rk}(E)}. \] The structure is called stable if for any subbundle one has \[ \frac{\text{par-}\deg(F)}{\mathrm{rk}(F)}<\frac{\text{par-}\deg(E)}{\mathrm{rk}(E)}. \] In the considered case \(\alpha_j^k \) is a fractional part of the real parts of the eigenvalues of the residue of the connection at \(x_j\). And \(E_j^k \) is a sum of the eigenspaces of the residue corresponding to those eigenvalues such that the fraction part of their real part is greater than \(\lambda_j^k\). The main result of the paper under review is the following. The codimension in \(T\) of the space of points for which the corresponding restriction is semistable is at least \(g\) and the codimension in \(T\) of the space of points for which the corresponding restriction is stable is at least \(g-1\).