A monotonicity formula and a Liouville-type theorem for a fourth order supercritical problem (Q2445833)

This article deals with Liouville-type theorems for the following biharmonic equation \[ \Delta^2u=|u|^{p-1}u\quad\mathrm{in } \mathbb R^n, \quad p>1.\tag{1} \] The Morse index of a solution \(u\) to (1) is the maximal dimension of all subspaces \(E\) of \(H^2(\mathbb R^n)\) satisfying \[ \int_{\mathbb R^n}|\Delta \phi|^2dx<p \int_{\mathbb R^n}|u|^{p-1}\phi^2dx\qquad \mathrm{for all } \phi\in E\setminus\{0\}. \] Solutions having zero Morse index are called stable. Let \(p_c(n)=\frac{n+2-\sqrt{n^2+4-n\sqrt{n^2-8n+32}}}{n-6-\sqrt{n^2+4-n\sqrt{n^2-8n+32}}}\) if \(n\geq 13\) and \(+\infty\) otherwise. Let \(p_S(n)=\frac{n+4}{n-4}\) if \(n\geq 5\) and \(+\infty\) otherwise. The authors prove that if \(u\) is a smooth solution of (1) with finite Morse index then \(u\) must be identically zero if \(1<p<p_c(n)\) and \(p\not=p_S(n).\) In the case when \(p=p_S(n)\) then the following holds true \[ \int_{\mathbb R^n}|\Delta u|^2dx =\int_{\mathbb R^n}|u|^{p+1}dx<+\infty. \] Furthermore, one also has \(u\equiv0\) if \(u\) is a stable solution.