Quadratic number fields with unramified \(\mathrm{SL}_2(5)\)-extensions (Q6038526)

In the paper under review the author proves that there exist infinitely many imaginary-quadratic and infinitely many real-quadratic number fields possessing an everywhere (i.e., including the Archimedean primes) unramified Galois extension with Galois group \(\mathrm{SL}_2(5)\). This settles the smallest previously open non-solvable case of the conjecture which states that for any finite group \(G\), there exist infinitely many quadratic number fields \(K\) such that \(K\) possesses a Galois extension with Galois group \(G\) unramified at all (finite and infinite) primes of \(K\). In fact, the author proves a stronger result (Theorem 3.2 stated below). He first proves the following lemma. Lemma 3.1. Let \(F/\mathbb Q\) be a degree-5 extension with Galois closure \(\Omega / \mathbb Q\) fulfilling both of the following: \begin{itemize} \item[1)] The discriminant \(\Delta(F)\) is squarefree. \item[2)] \(\Omega / \mathbb Q\) is ``locally cyclic'', i.e., all its decomposition groups are cyclic. \end{itemize} Then \(\Omega / \mathbb Q(\sqrt{\Delta(F)})\) embeds into an \(\mathrm{SL}_2(5)\)-extension unramified at all finite primes. Theorem 3.2. Assume that \(w=\frac{w_1}{w_2}\in \mathbb Q\) (with coprime integers \(w_1,w_2\)) fulfills all of the following: \begin{itemize} \item[a)] \((-50w_1^2+27w_2^2)(10w_1^2+8w_1w_2+w_2^2)\in \mathbb Z\) is equivalent, up to squares, to a squarefree number all of whose prime divisors are congruent to 1 modulo 3. \item[b)] \(w\ne 0\), and \(w\in [-0.7348,-0.645]\cup[-0.155,0.7348]\). \end{itemize} Then there exist infinitely many \(s\in \mathbb Q\) such that the following holds: If \(\Delta_s\) denotes the discriminant of the polynomial \[ f_{w,s}(X)=X^2(X-1)^3+2s^2(50w^2-27)(10w^2+8w+1)(X-2w^2), \] then the quadratic number field \(\mathbb {Q}(\sqrt{\Delta_s})\) possesses an everywhere (i.e., including the infinite primes) unramified \(\mathrm{SL}_2(5)\)-extension. Moreover, the root fields of \(f_{w,s}\) fulfill the assumptions of Lemma 3.1, and there are infinitely many \underline{distinct} quadratic fields among the fields \(\mathbb {Q}(\sqrt{\Delta_s})\). If furthermore \begin{itemize} \item[b')] \(|w|\in [0.645,0.7348]\) \end{itemize} then among those quadratic fields, there are infinitely many real ones.