On some hypergeometric supercongruence conjectures of Long (Q6116103)

The paper explores significant conjectures proposed by \textit{F. Rodriguez-Villegas} [Fields Inst. Commun. 38, 223--231 (2003; Zbl 1062.11038)]. These conjectures involve 14 supercongruences for hypergeometric functions, which are derived from periods of specific families of rigid Calabi-Yau three folds, and the Fourier coefficients of weight 4 modular forms. \textit{L. Long} et al. [MATRIX Book Ser. 2, 467--470 (2019; Zbl 1443.11053)] provided proofs for these 14 supercongruences. By employing \(p\)-adic techniques by \textit{B. Dwork} [Publ. Math., Inst. Hautes Étud. Sci. 37, 27--115 (1969; Zbl 0284.14008)], they were able to transform the original supercongruences into related congruences that solely involve the hypergeometric series. In the present paper, the author extends their techniques to address six additional supercongruences recently conjectured by \textit{L. Long} [Contemp. Math. 753, 139--156 (2020; Zbl 1489.11006)]. Notably, he finds an analogous version of the reduced congruences for each case. The conjecture of a generalization of B. Dwork's work [loc. cit.] is also discussed, which, if proven along with the modularity of Galois representations associated with hypergeometric data, would offer a complete proof of L. Long's conjectures in [loc. cit.]. Overall, this paper proves to be both interesting and valuable.