The nonexistence of certain Galois extensions unramified outside 5 (Q1283044)

Let \(l\) be a prime. Let \(\widehat\rho:\text{Gal}(\overline\mathbb{Q}/\mathbb{Q})\to\text{GL}(2,F_l)\) be a semisimple odd Galois representation which is unramified outside \(l\). \textit{J.-P. Serre} [``Oeuvres'', Vol. III, p. 710 (1986; Zbl 0849.01049)] conjectured that any such representation is modular. The author proves the conjecture for \(l=5\), assuming the Generalized Riemann conjecture. \textit{J. Tate} [Contemp. Math. 174, 153-156 (1994; Zbl 0814.11057)] proved Serre's conjecture for \(l=2\) (already in 1973) in a letter to Serre. But for \(l>2\) the method of Tate is applicable only if one has better discriminant estimates. The author uses the results of Odlyzko in this direction, a group-theoretic argument and Pohst's database.