Smooth points of the unit ball of the space \({\mathcal P}(^2\ell_1)\) (Q1306275)

Let \(\mathbb{K}\) denote either the complex field \(\mathbb{C}\) or the real field \(\mathbb{R}\). Given any index set \(\Gamma\) let \(\ell_1(\Gamma)\) be the Banach space of all \(K\)-valued families \(x= (x_i)\) such that \(\|x\|= \Sigma_\Gamma|x_i|\) is finite. If \(\Gamma\) is the set of positive integers \(\ell_1(\Gamma)\) is denoted by \(\ell_1\) while if \(\Gamma= \{1,2,\dots, n\}\) then \(\ell_1(\Gamma)\) is denoted by \(\ell^n_1\). Let \(B_E\) and \(S_E\) denote the closed unit ball and unit sphere of a Banach space \(E\) over \(\mathbb{K}\), respectively. A point \(x\) in \(B_E\) is said to be a smooth point of \(B_E\) if there is a unique \(f\) in the dual space \(E^*\) of \(E\) such that \(\|f\|= 1= f(x)\). \(\text{sm} B_E\) denotes the set of smooth points of \(B_E\). A point \(x\) in \(B_E\) is said to be an extreme point of \(B_E\) if \(x\) is not the midpoint of the nontrivial line segment lying in \(B_E\). \(\text{ext }B_E\) denotes the set of extreme points of \(B_E\). For a positive integer \(m\), \({\mathcal P}(^mE)\) denotes the Banach space of \(K\)-valued continuous \(m\)-homogeneous polynomials of \(E\) endowed with the norm \(\|P\|= \sup_{\|x\|\leq 1}|P(x)|\). \(P\in{\mathcal P}(^mE)\) is called norm attaining if there exists a point \(x\in E\), \(\|x\|= 1\) such that \(\|P\|= |P(x)|\). Such a point is called a norming point of \(P\). In this paper, the authors characterize smooth points of the unit ball of \({\mathcal P}(^2\ell^2_1)\) for the real Banach space \(\ell^2_1\), and examine into them for the complex Banach space \(\ell^2_1\). They apply them to find smooth points of the unit ball of \({\mathcal P}(^2\ell_1)\). It is shown that the unit sphere \(S_{{\mathcal P}(^2\ell^2_1)}\) of \({\mathcal P}(^2\ell^2_1)\) is the disjoint union of the three sets \(\text{ext }B_{{\mathcal P}(^2\ell^2_1)}\), \(\text{sm} B_{{\mathcal P}(^2\ell^2_1)}\) and \(\{ax^2+ by^2+ cxy:|a|= |b|= 1,|c|< 2\}\).