Weak convergence theorems for asymptotically nonexpansive mappings and semigroups (Q1593682)

The authors consider weak convergence in mean ergodic theorems for asymptotically nonexpansive semigroups and the weak convergence of the modified Mann-Ishikawa iteration processes for asymptotically nonexpansive mappings. Their results are new even for nonexpansive mappings and semigroups. The paper consists of nine sections. The first one is an introduction. Section 2 contains some preliminary results. In Section 3 the main Lemma is formulated: Let \(X\) be a uniformly convex Banach space whose dual \(X^*\) has the KK-property (Kadec-Klee). If \(\{x_n\}\) is a bounded sequence such that \(\lim_{n\to\infty} \|\alpha x_n+ (1-\alpha)f_1- f_2\|\) exists for all \(\alpha\in [0,1]\) and \(f_1,f_2\in \omega_w(\{x_n\})\), then \(\omega_w\{x_n\}\) is a singleton. Section 4 deals with asymptotically nonexpansive semigroups. The main result here is: Let \(X\) and \(X^*\) be as in the main Lemma and let \(C\subset X\) be bounded closed convex set. If \({\mathcal F}\) is an asymptotically nonexpansive semigroup acting on \(C\) and \(u\) is an almost orbit of \({\mathcal F}\), then the following conditions are equivalent: (1) \(\omega_w(u)\subset F({\mathcal F})\); (2) \(\text{w-}\lim_{t\to\infty} u(t)= x\in F({\mathcal F})\); (3) \(\text{w-}\lim_{t\to\infty}(u(t)- u(t+ s))= 0\) for each \(s\in [0,\infty)\). In Section 5 the authors consider the weak convergence of almost orbits of asymptotically nonexpansive mappings. The basic theorem here is: If \(T:C\to C\) is asymptotically nonexpansive in the intermediate sense and \(\{x_n\}\) is an almost orbit of \(T\), then \(\{x_n\}\) is weakly convergent to a fixed point of \(T\) iff \(w\)-\(\lim_{n\to\infty}(x_n- x_{n+1})= 0\). Section 6 is devoted to the investigations on modified Mann-Ishikawa iteration processes defined by \[ x_{i+1}= \alpha_i T^{n_i} y_i+ (1-\alpha_i)x_i\quad\text{and}\quad y_i= \beta_i T^{n_i}x_i+ (1- \beta_i) x_i, \] where \(\{\alpha_i\}\) and \(\{\beta_i\}\) are chosen so that \(\alpha_i\in [a,b]\) and \(\beta_i\in [0,b]\text{ ord}_i\in [a,1]\) and \(\beta_i\in [a,b]\) for some \(a\), \(b\) with \(0< a\leq b< 1\), and \(\{n_i\}\) is a sequence of nonnegative integers. In Section 7 unrestricted iterations of nonexpansive mappings are considered, while in Section 8 other applications of the main Lemma are given. Finally in Section 9, using a recent result due to Kirk and Sim, the authors generalize a theorem of Reich-Nevanlinna. Let \(X\) be a reflexive locally uniformly convex Banach space and let \(C\) \(X\) be a closed set. If \(S\) is a nonexpansive semigroup on \(C\) with \(\text{int}(F(S))\neq\emptyset\), then for each almost orbit \(u\), \(u(t)\) converges in norm to a point of \(F(S)\) as \(t\to\infty\).