Representations of the \(q\)-rook monoid. (Q1427386)

For an integer \(n\geq 2\), the rook monoid (or symmetric inverse semigroup) \(R_n\) is the monoid of \(n\times n\) matrices with entries from \(\{0,1\}\) having at most one non-zero entry in each row and column. In work on Iwahori Hecke algebras, \textit{L. Solomon} [J. Algebra 273, No. 1, 206-226 (2004; Zbl 1155.20300)] introduced the \(q\)-rook monoid \({\mathcal I}_n(q)\) for an indeterminate \(q\). \({\mathcal I}_n(q)\) is a semisimple \(\mathbb{C}(q)\)-algebra defined via generators and relations. The presentation generalizes that of the rook monoid in the sense that when \(q=1\), the presentation reduces to one of \(R_n\). Let \(G=\text{GL}_n(\mathbb{F}_q)\) be the general linear group of invertible matrices over the finite field \(\mathbb{F}_q\) and \(B\) denote the Borel subgroup of upper triangular matrices. Iwahori showed that the associated algebra \({\mathcal H}_\mathbb{C}(G,B)\) is isomorphic to the group algebra \(\mathbb{C}[S_n]\) of the symmetric group \(S_n\) and gave a presentation by generators and relations. For an indeterminate \(q\), the more general Iwahori Hecke algebra \({\mathcal H}_n(q)\) is the \(\mathbb{C}(q)\)-algebra defined by Iwahori's presentation. When \(q\) is specialized to 1, the presentation reduces to a presentation of the symmetric group \(S_n\). Replacing \(G\) by \(M=M_n(\mathbb{F}_q)\), \textit{L. Solomon} [Geom. Dedicata 36, No. 1, 15-49 (1990; Zbl 0703.20045)] introduced the Iwahori algebra \({\mathcal H}_\mathbb{C}(M,B)\) and showed that it could be identified with the monoidal algebra \(\mathbb{C}[R_n]\) on the rook monoid \(R_n\). For an indeterminate \(q\), the algebra \({\mathcal I}_n(q)\) is an extension of the algebra \({\mathcal H}_n(q)\). Indeed, in this work the author shows that \({\mathcal H}_n(q)\) is a subalgebra of \({\mathcal I}_n(q)\). The focus of this paper is a fundamental study of the representation theory of the algebra \({\mathcal I}_n(q)\). Many of the ideas generalize results for \(S_n\), \(R_n\), or \({\mathcal H}_n(q)\). First, the author gives a new presentation of the algebra which is easier to work with for representation theory purposes. The next main result is the construction of a complete set of irreducible modules for \({\mathcal I}_n(q)\). Further, in analogy with \(S_n\) and \(R_n\), the author identifies a set of ``Jucys-Murphy'' elements in \({\mathcal I}_n(q)\) which act diagonally on the representations. The second main representation theory result is a Schur-Weyl duality between \({\mathcal I}_n(q)\) and the quantum general linear group \(U_q\mathfrak{gl}(r)\). Specifically, \({\mathcal I}_n(q)\simeq\text{End}_{U_q\mathfrak{gl}(r)}((W\otimes V)^{\otimes n})\) where \(W\) and \(V\) are the trivial and fundamental representation of \(U_q\mathfrak{gl}(r)\) respectively. This also generalizes known duality between \({\mathcal H}_n(q)\) and \(U_q\mathfrak{gl}(r)\).