On the solution of the translation equation in rings of formal power series (Q2581050)

For \(\mathbb{K}\in\{\mathbb{R},\mathbb{C}\}\) let \(\mathbb{K}[[X]]\) denote the ring of formal power series with coefficients from \(\mathbb{K}\) and let \(\Gamma(\mathbb{K})\) denote the group of invertible power series. \(L^1_{\infty}\) is the group consisting of all sequences \((x_1,x_2,\ldots)\in\mathbb{K}^{\infty}\) such that \(x_1\neq 0\) with a specific group operation stemming from the chain rules for \(C^{\infty}\) functions. The authors find a general form of homomorphisms \(\Theta\) from an abelian group \(G\) into the group \(\Gamma(\mathbb{K})\) such that \[ \Theta(t)=X+\sum_{k=p+2}^{\infty}c_k(t)X^k,\qquad t\in G. \] Equivalently, the general form of homomorphisms \(\Phi=(1,0,\ldots,0,f_{p+2},f_{p+3},\ldots)\) from \(G\) into \(L^{1}_{\infty}\) is determined. The \textit{translation equation} \[ F(s+t,X)=F(s,F(t,X)),\quad s,t\in G \] appears when for a homomomorphism \(\Theta:G\to \Gamma(\mathbb{K})\) one defines \(F(t,X):=\Theta(t)(X)\).